沸腾床渣油加氢影响因素及催化剂失活分析

对沸腾床渣油加氢技术特有的影响因素进行了详细分析,指出沸腾床反应器中催化剂藏量是一个动态值,可以根据原料性质和要求的转化深度,通过调整催化剂在线加排量对该值进行调整;分析了沸腾床加氢过程中沉淀物形成的原因及其对反应器、催化剂及下游装置的影响;论述了催化剂磨损产生的细粉对反应稳定性和工艺性能的影响。通过研究沸腾床失活催化剂外层对传质和反应性能的影响,指出焦炭及金属在催化剂外层的积累削弱了催化剂外层的渗透性,致使液体的扩散能力及催化剂的活性和选择性都呈下降趋势;通过对失活程度不同的待生催化剂的分析,指出失活程度不同催化剂沉积的金属数量有明显区别,物理性质变化显著,但二者的碳含量没有明显差异。

Impact factors in ebullated-bed residue hydrotreating and analysis of catalyst deactivation

The impact factors of residue hydrotreating of an ebullated-bed process are analyzed in detail.The catalyst inventory in an ebullated-bed reactor is a dynamic value,which can be adjusted by on-line catalyst addition or withdraw based upon feedstock properties and required conversion.The causes of sediment formation and its impact on the equipments like reactor,catalysts and downstream units are studied.The influence of catalyst attrition on reactivity and operation performance is discussed.The study of the impact of the spent catalyst external layer on mass transfer and reactivity has found that the deposition of coke and metals on the external layer of the catalyst reduces its permeability and decreases liquid diffusion,activity and selectivity of catalysts.Through the analysis of deactivation of spent catalysts,it is concluded that the catalysts with different degrees of deactivation are very different in metal deposition.The physical properties change greatly and there is little difference in carbon content.