82种中草药及其复方对花鲈源维氏气单胞菌的体外抑菌效果

为探究单方及复方中草药对花鲈(Lateolabrax maculatus)源维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas vernoii)的体外抑菌作用，采用平板打孔法测定乌梅(Prunus mume)、苏木(Caesalpinia sappan)和五倍子(Galla chinensis)等82种单方中草药对维氏气单胞菌的抑制作用，用试管二倍稀释法测定抑菌作用较好的中草药对维氏气单胞菌最小抑菌质量浓度(Minimum Inhibitory Concentration, MIC)和最小杀菌质量浓度(Minimum Bactericidal Concentration, MBC)，并选择更敏感的中药进行复方作用评价. 结果显示:36种中草药对维氏气单胞菌有抑制作用，其中乌梅、苏木、五倍子、丁香(Syzygium aromaticum)和艾叶(Artemisia argyi)对维氏气单胞菌抑制作用较强，抑菌圈直径介于15~25 mm，MIC < 125 mg/mL，且MBC < 500 mg/mL. 复方中草药中，乌梅+丁香、乌梅+五倍子对维氏气单胞菌抑制作用较好，抑菌圈直径>19 mm，MIC为15.6 mg/mL，MBC介于31.25~62.5 mg/mL，但联合抑菌指数分析显示它们呈现无关作用. 该研究表明:单方中草药乌梅、苏木有利于体外抑制和消除花鲈源维氏气单胞菌，为水产中草药物的开发提供数据支撑.

The Antibacterial Effect of 82 Kinds of Chinese Herbal Medicines and Their Compounds on Aeromonas vernoii from Lateolabrax maculatus in Vitro

To study the antibacterial effect of single and compound Chinese herbal medicines on Aeromonas vernoii from Lateolabrax maculatus in vitro, the inhibitory effect of 82 kinds of single Chinese herbal medicine, such as Prunus mume, Caesalpinia sappan and Galla chinensis, on A. vernoii was determined with the plate drilling method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Chinese herbal medicine with good antibacterial effect on A. vernoii were determined with the testing tube double dilution method. The more sensitive Chinese herbal medicines were selected to evaluate their compound antibacterial effect. The results showed that 36 kinds of single Chinese herbal medicines had inhibitory effects on A. vernoii, among which P. mume, C. sappan, G. chinensis, Syzygium aromaticum and Artemisia argyi had relatively strong inhibitory effects on A. vernoii. The diameter of the inhibitory circle was between 15~25 mm, MIC < 125 mg/mL and MBC < 500 mg/mL. Among the compound Chinese herbal medicines, P. mume+S. aromaticum and P. mume+G. chinensis had better inhibitory effect on A. vernoii. The inhibitory circle diameter was >19 mm, MIC was 15.6 mg/mL, and MBC was 31.25~62.5 mg/mL. However, the combined bacteriostatic index analysis showed that they had an independent effect. This study shows that single Chinese herbal medicine such as P. mume and C. sappan were beneficial to the inhibition and elimination of A. vernoii in vitro and provides data support for the development of aquatic Chinese herbal medicine.