京津冀太行山片区不同生境昆虫种类和群落多样性调查与分析

通过对京津冀太行山片区不同生境昆虫群落多样性调查，为京津冀太行山片区生物多样性的保育和决策提供科学依据。在2019年7月-2020年10月，在京津冀太行山片区的9个县(区)(包括北京市的昌平区和房山区，以及河北省的涿鹿县、蔚县、涞水县、涞源县、易县、唐县和阜平县)的6种生境(即森林、人造林、湿地、灌丛、草地和农田)共设置106个样点，具体采用“样线踏查法”和“马来氏网法”相结合共进行了6次昆虫调查。共采集昆虫62 450头，隶属于14目153科608种。不同生境间昆虫的Margalef丰富度指数(P<0.01)、多样性指数H(P<0.01)和均匀度指数E(P<0.05)存在显著或极显著差异。Margalef丰富度指数依次为森林>人造林>湿地>灌丛>农田>草地，且森林的Margalef丰富度指数最高为5.64、草地最低为2.70;多样性指数H依次为草地>灌丛>湿地>农田>森林=人造林；均匀度指数E依次为草地>森林>灌丛>湿地>农田>人造林。不同生境之间昆虫种群相似度分析表明，森林和人造林...

Investigation and analysis of the species and community diversity of insects in different types of habitats in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei area of Taihang Mountain

The community diversity of insects in different types of habitats in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei aera of Taihang Mountain was investigated in order to provide scientific basis for the biodiversity conservation and decision-making. From July 2019 to October 2020, a total of 106 insect sampling plots were selected and located in 6 types of habitats (including forest, plantation, wetland, Shrub, grassland and farmland) in 9 counties (districts)(including two districts of Beijing, i.e., Changping and Fangshan, and 7 counties of Hebei Province, including Zhulu, Weixian, Laishui, Laiyuan, Yixian, Tangxian and Fuping) in the region of Taihang Mountain, and total six times of insect survey were carried out by using two sampling methods of the line translocation and the Malay network. During the whole survey period, total 62 450 individuals of insects were collected, and they were belonged to 14 orders and 153 families. There were significant differences in the Margalef richness index (P<0.01), diversity index H (P<0.01) and evenness index E (P<0.05) among different habitats. The order from high to low values in the Margalef richness index was Forest (5.64)>Plantation>Wetland>Shrub>Farmland>Grassland (2.70); The order from high to low values in the diversity index H and the evenness index E was was Grassland>Shrub>Wetland>Farmland>Forest=Plantation, and Grassland>Forest>Shrub>Wetland>Farmland>Plantation, respectively. The analysis of similarity coefficient of insect community among the sampling six habitats indicated that the highest similarity coefficient was found between forest and plantation (0.51), showing a medium similarity. And the similarity coefficient of insect community between all the other two types of habitats was less than 0.5, meaning a medium dissimilarity or very dissimilarity. The insect species richness was high in forest, plantation and wetland, and these habitats were the main store tanks of insect species, while the diversity index H was low in these three habitats, indicating the importance of environmental protection in these habitats.