自热制氢反应器研究进展

介绍了同心圆式反应器、板式反应器、壁反应器、微通道反应器在自热重整反应制氢中的特点。同心圆式反应器的传热是控制步骤,为强化传热而开发了空间形状不同和流体经过反应器不同腔体的先后顺序不同的反应器;板式反应器易于组装、拆卸和放大,而且热效率也比较高,是目前十分活跃的研究领域,重点在于操作参数和设计的优化及其高效壁载制氢催化剂的研制;壁反应器的反应表面和换热表面不分离,具有较高的热量耦合效果;微通道反应器具有优越的传热性能,但对加工和流体的性质有比较苛刻的要求。另外,不同燃料制氢机理的研究及其过程参数的稳态、瞬态模拟,为反应器的设计提供了理论依据。而制氢过程并行单元的研究为系统的集成奠定了基础。最后,指出开发板式壁反应器以及开展其在CO变换、净化方面的研究有较好的发展前景。

Research progress of autothermal reactors for hydrogen production

The characteristics of various autothermal reactors for H2 production including coaxial cylindrical, plate, wall and microchannel reactors are reviewed. For the coaxial cylindrical reactor, heat transfer is the bottleneck in process control. To enhance heat transfer, diverse reactors are developed with different spatial configurations and flow sequences. Plate reactors are commonly used in hydrogen production, which are easier to assemble, disassemble and scale up. Researchers' attention has been focused on process optimization and development of novel wall-coated catalyst. For wall reactors,higher heat efficiency attributes to nondisjunction of reaction and heat transfer zone. MicroChannel reactors own higher heat transfer property. However, the complexity of machining and requirement for fluid limit their applications. Researches on reaction mechanism, parametric steady and transient optimization, successive operations offer opportunities for the system optimization and integration. It is pointed out that the development of plate wall reactors and relative research on shift and preferential oxidation of CO show good prospects.