女性性工作者对女用安全套的接受性研究进展

女用安全套（以下简称＂女套＂）是放入妇女阴道、通过屏障作用来避孕和预防性传播疾病的工具。现在世界上女套产品不止一种,但女套接受性研究目前主要针对世界第一个女套产品FC1/2。该文就女性性工作者（FSW）对女套的接受性、影响因素,以及在该人群中开展女套干预的方法进行综述。由于不同研究的干预设计和所选择的接受性指标的差异,文献报告FSW女套接受性结果变化较大。例如,国外研究中,干预后＂调查前1个月,使用女套＂的妇女在40%～76%之间,而国内研究中该比例为4%～15%。有研究报告,女套加入男套的干预可以减少FSW无保护性行为。例如国内研究中,干预12个月后,FSW最近1个月坚持使用安全套的比例增加了2～15个百分点。除了干预因素外,女套产品特点、年龄、性服务场所类型以及性伴态度,是影响FSW女套接受性的主要因素。干预中,女套使用技能训练和练习是改善接受性的重要环节。

A review of female condom acceptability among female sex workers

The female condom （FC） is an intravaginal barrier to protect against unwanted pregnancy and the transmission of sexually transmitted diseases （STD）. Currently several FC products are available in the world market. FC acceptability studies have mainly focused on the first generation of FC products （FC1/2）. Literatures are reviewed by the authors on the acceptability of FC among female sex workers （FSW） and related interventions. Because of differences in study designs and indexes to measure the acceptability, the acceptability of FC among FSW reported in the literature is not comparable. For example, the proportion of women who used FC in the last month ranged from 40% to 76% in post-intervention surveys conducted in other countries, but it was 4% to 15% in the domestic studies. Some studies found that adding FC into the male condom intervention reduced the unprotected sex among FSW. For instance, the proportion of consistent condom use in the prior 30 days increased by 2% to 15% after 12 months intervention. In addition to the intervention, product features, age, the type of sex service venues and the attitudes of sex partners to FC were contributors to the acceptability of FC among FSW. The FC skill training is one of the key components of the intervention for FC acceptability.