云南部分地区人群亚洲带绦虫感染现状调查与分析

目的 2000—2014年对云南禄丰干海资、牟定蟠猫、昆明远郊农村、兰坪河西等4地区人群进行亚洲带绦虫病流行病学调查,查明流行地区,掌握流行特征、人群感染现状,为制定防治措施提供科学依据。方法 根据亚洲带绦虫病例线索,设病例居住地为调查点。采用访问法进行病史调查及收集近期感染者带绦虫孕节片病原学检查等方法。结果 病史调查共912户5 081人,查出亚洲带绦虫感染者849人,总感染率为16.71%。病原学检查感染者孕节片标本585份,均为亚洲带绦虫。各地区人群感染率分别为：禄丰干海资22.64%（144/636）、牟定蟠猫8.78%（51/584）、昆明远郊农村2.53%（40/1 580）、兰坪河西26.92%（614/2 281）。不同地区人群感染性别差异无统计学意义,不同年龄、民族和职业感染率间差异有统计学意义。流行因素调查,四地居民普遍有生食猪肝的饮食习惯占调查人数的93.11%（4 731/5 081）,未查见有生食猪肉、牛肉的饮食习惯。卫生习惯不良者占调查人数的30.49%（1 549/5 081）;牲畜放养率占其饲养户的55.83%（407/729）;有“连茅圈”的居民户占41.54%（140/337）。结论 云南禄丰干海资、牟定蟠猫、昆明远郊农村、兰坪河西为亚洲带绦虫病流行区,本病的流行系多种因素综合的结果,生食猪肝的饮食习惯是人体感染的重要途径。

Investigation and analysis of Taenia saginata asiatica infection among people in part of Yunnan

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Taenia saginata asiatica infection among people in Ganhaizi township of Lufeng County, Panmao township of Mouding County, far suburban countryside of Kunming city and Heshi township of Lanping County of Yunnan Province and anlysize the prevalence range and the current situation of crowd infection, so as to provide scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods According to the clue of Taenia saginata asiatica cases, the place of residence for cases was set up as spots of investigation. The disease history of Taenia saginata asiatica cases was investigated by access method, and the documents of aetiology examination of gravid proglottid among people infected in near period were collected. Results There were 912 households with 5 081 people were investigated, and 849 people were detected with infection of T. saginata asiatica. The total infection rate was 16.71%. 585 specimens of T. saginata gravid proglottid were examined and confirmed with T. saginata asiatica. The infection rate in different area were counted, as the results: 22.64% (144/636) in Ganhaizi township of Lufeng County, 8.73% (51/584) in Panmao township of Mouding County, 2.53% (40/1 580) in far suburban countryside of Kunming, 26.92%(614/2 281 ) in Heshi township of Lanping County. There was no significant difference in gender among populations; There were significant differences in age, nationality, career among populations. The investigation of epidemiological factors show that it was common for the habit of eating row pig liver of the residents in the 4 districts, and nearly 93.11% (4 731/5 081) with this habit, but no habit of eating row pork and beef was discovered. The rate of people with the habit of relieving the bowels wherever accounted for 30.49% (1 549/5 081) of the total people investigated; the rate of free style of feeding livestock accounted for 55.83% (407/729) of the total household owned livestock; the rate of the lavatory joined with animal house accounted for 41.54% (140/337) of the total household owned livestock. Conclusions Ganhaizi township of Lufeng County, Panmao township of Mouding County, far suburban countryside of Kunming, Heshi township of Lanping County are the epidemiological areas of Taenia saginata asiatica in Yunnan Province. The prevalence of this kind of disease is influenced synthetically by many factors. The main origin of human infected is the habit of eating row pig liver, and the prevalence areas of T. saginata asiatica are dominated in mountain areas.