近交对蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum) 橙色家系生长及存活的影响

以蛤仔橙色全同胞家系为材料,采用建立近交组和设置对照组的方法,进行了近交对橙色家系的生长和存活性状影响的研究。结果表明:在整个实验期间,橙色家系壳长生长都慢于对照组,除60日龄外,其它各日龄二者壳长差异显著(P<0.05);橙色家系存活率高于对照组,除360日龄外,其它各日龄二者存活率均差异显著(P<0.05)。橙色家系生长的近交衰退率范围为5.38%—26.57%,平均值为15.48%±6.44%,但存活性状在各日龄没有出现近交衰退。在330日龄时,对橙色家系的形态学性状进行正态分布检验,结果表明:近交使橙色家系内出现小型化个体。本研究为通过建立家系选育蛤仔橙色新品系的育种方法奠定了一定的理论基础。

INBREEDING AND ITS IMPACT ON GROWTH AND SURVIVAL OF THE ORANGE FAMILY MANILA CLAM RUDITAPES PHILIPPINARUM

Inbreeding and its impact on growth and survival of the orange family were investigated by establishing full-sib family with orange shell color and control group. The results showed that the shell length of orange family was smaller than that of control group during the whole stages. The one-way ANOVA showed that the difference in the shell length was significant (P<0.05) between the two lines, except for day 360. The survival rates were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the orange family than the control group, except for day 330. The inbreeding depression of growth for orange family was observed at the range of 5.38% to 26.57%, with a mean of 15.48%, however, that of the survival rate was not found during the whole stages. In addition, the morphological traits of shell length for the orange family were evaluated on day 270. The results show that the miniaturization individuals were found in the orange family after inbreeding within the full-sib family. In conclusion, the results in this study reveal a basic theory to select the strain of Manila clam with orange shell color in the full-sib family.