飞机草地上部分化学成分及其抑菌活性研究

为探究飞机草地上部分化学成分及其抑菌作用。采用正相硅胶、Sephadex LH-20等色谱方法,从飞机草乙酸乙酯提取物中得到10个化合物,根据1H NMR、13 C NMR、MS波谱数据,分别鉴定为:5,6,7,4′-四甲氧基黄烷酮(1)、圣草素-7,4′-二甲醚(2)、5,7-二羟基-6,4′-二甲氧基黄酮(3)、二氢山柰素(4)、异野樱素(5)、4′-羟基-5,6,7-三甲氧基黄烷酮(6)、5,6,7,3′,4′-五甲氧基黄烷酮(7)、3′-羟基-5,7,8,4′-四甲氧基黄烷酮(8)、香叶木素(9)、山柰酚(10),其中,化合物2和8均首次从飞机草中分离得到。采用生长速率法测定了飞机草乙醇提取物、不同萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物柱层析不同馏分对4种核桃病原真菌的抑制活性,确定其活性成分集中于馏分2(石油醚∶丙酮=5∶1),选择该部分所得化合物4、5、7对4种病原菌进行毒力测定,结果表明,化合物5对拟茎点霉菌丝生长抑制作用最强,EC 50为0.1062 mg/mL。研究结果为利用飞机草开发植物源农药提供理论依据。

Study on chemical components from aerial part of Chromolaena odorata and their antifungal activity

The chemical constituents of aerial part of Chromolaena odorata were explored by silica gel column chromatography as well as Sephadex LH-20 chromatography and their antifungal activity were also tested.Finally,10 compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of C.odorata and their structures were determined by various spectral data including 1H NMR,13 C NMR and MS.The structures were identified as 5,6,7,4′-tetramethoxyflavanone(1),eriodictyol-7,4′-dimethyl ether(2),5,7-dihydroxy-6,4′-dimethoxyflavanone(3),dihydrokaempferide(4),isosakuranetin(5),4′-hydroxy-5,6,7-trimethoxyflavanone(6),5,6,7,3′,4′-pentamethoxyflavanone(7),3′-hydroxy-5,7,8,4′-tetramethoxyflavone(8),diosmetin(9),kaempferol(10).Among them,compounds 2 and 8 were isolated for the first time from C.odorata.The antifungal activity on 4 pathogenic fungi of Juglans regia of different extracts of C.odorata and column chromatography of different distillates of the ethyl acetate layer extract from C.odorata were measured by growth rate method.It was found that the active components were concentrated in distillate 2(petroleum ether:acetone=5∶1).The virulence of the compounds 4,5 and 7 against the pathogenic fungi were determined.According to the results compound 5 showed the significant inhibitory effect on the growth of mycelium with EC 50 of 0.1062 mg/mL.The results provide a theoretical basis for the exploitation of plant-derived pesticides by using C.odorata.