基于元胞自动机模型的开采沉陷模拟

 开采沉陷模拟对矿区的环境治理和生态恢复具有重要意义.本文将开采沉陷理论与地理元胞自动机相结合,基于GIS平台,以VS2010为开发工具,利用面向对象的方法,构建了开采沉陷元胞空间,探讨了开采沉陷元胞自动机模型的框架结构及实现方法,构建了开采沉陷模拟对象关系图,建立了开采沉陷元胞自动机演化模型.以山西某煤矿为例,开发了开采沉陷元胞自动机原型系统,根据研究区的煤层条件和开发方法,进行了模拟实验,分析未来开采沉陷的演变过程,为土地复垦和生态修复提供依据.结果表明,采用面向对象的方法能够较好地进行开采沉陷系统分析和开发,基于GIS和CA进行开采沉陷模拟,开发方便,系统兼容性好,能够展示更多的时空信息,便于数据管理.在空间划分上,CA模型能够与传统的预计方法有机融合,较为准确地预测未来的地表塌陷损毁情况,为塌陷区治理提供依据.由于开采沉陷涉及的学科较多,未来还需进一步完善演化模型,探讨三维空间下的系统演化过程,提高模拟的真实感和实用性.

Simulation of Coal Mining Subsidence Based on the Model of Cellular Automata

The simulation of mining subsidence plays an important role in mining environmental management and ecological restoration. Based on the GIS platform, the mining subsidence theory and geographical Cellular Automata (CA) are combined with each other, and then the mining subsidence cellular space is constructed by using the development tool of object-oriented method with the help of software of VS2010. The mining subsidence frame structure of CA model and realization method is discussed, and the mining subsidence simulation object relation graph is constructed. The evolution model of CA for mining subsidence is established based on the research result. Finally, the prototype system of mining subsidence CA is developed by taking a coal mine in Shanxi Province as an example. Based on the coal seam condition and mining method of the study area, the evolution of mining subsidence in the future is simulated using the prototype system in order to provide the basis for land reclamation and ecological restoration. The results show that object-oriented method is good for the analysis and exploitation of mining subsidence simulation system, and mining subsidence simulation based on GIS and CA, which is facilitated to the development of the system and has good compatibility, is able to show more spatiotemporal information, facilitating data management. In space division, the CA model could organically integrate into traditional method, and is able to accurately predict the future of surface subsidence damage, providing the basis for the treatment for subsidence area. Since mining subsidence relates to many subjects, there are many works need to be down in the future for further perfecting evolution model, exploring the evolution process of system in three-dimensional space, and enhancing the reality and practicability of simulation.