Assessment and management of oral health in liver transplant candidates |
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Authors: | Silva Santos Paulo Sérgio da Fernandes Karin Sá Gallottini Marina H C |
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Affiliation: | 1. PhD, Department of Stomatology, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil.;2. MD, Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.;3. PhD, Department of Oral Pathology, Dental School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. |
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Abstract: | Liver transplantation has become a standard treatment for end-stage liver disease and
the number of recipients has grown rapidly in the last few years. Dental care during
pre-transplant workup is important to reduce potential sources of infection in the
drug-induced immunosuppression phase of liver transplantation.Objectives The objectives of this study were to document the prevalence of oral
abnormalities in patients on a liver transplant waiting list presenting to an
urban dental school clinic, discuss the appropriate dental treatment according
their systemic conditions and compare their oral manifestations with those of
healthy individuals. Material and Methods A pilot study was conducted involving 16 end-stage liver disease individuals
(study group- SG) attending the Special Care Dentistry Center of the University of
São Paulo and 16 control individuals (control group- CG) with no liver diseases,
receiving dental care at the Dental School of the University of São Paulo. These
individuals were assessed for their dental status (presence of oral disease or
abnormalities), coagulation status, and dental treatment indications. Results The patients from SG exhibited a greater incidence of oral manifestations
compared with CG (p=0.0327) and were diagnosed with at least one oral disease or
condition that required treatment. Coagulation abnormalities reflecting an
increased risk of bleeding were found in 93.75% of the patients. However, no
bleeding complications occurred after dental treatment. Conclusions The patients with chronic liver diseases evaluated in this study exhibited a
higher incidence of oral manifestations compared with the control group and had at
least one oral disease or abnormality which required dental treatment prior to
liver transplantation. Careful oral examination and evaluation of the patient,
including laboratory tests, will ensure correct oral preparation and control of
oral disease prior to liver transplantation. |
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Keywords: | Oral health Dental care Liver transplantation |
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