陆地蒸散发分割方法及影响因素研究进展

蒸散发（ET）是陆地水文循环的重要组成部分，蒸散发分割及其影响因素辨识在气象、水文和农业等领域均有重要意义。为研究不同蒸散发分割方法的适用性及不同时间尺度上蒸散发分割的影响因素，在总结不同蒸散发分割方法优缺点的基础上，探讨了日和季节两个时间尺度上蒸散发分割的影响因素。结果表明：水文气象和同位素方法适用于田间尺度，数值模拟方法适用于区域尺度；在日尺度上蒸腾和蒸散发比值（T/ET）与太阳辐射、土壤温度及植被类型（体现在气孔导度差异）等因素呈正相关关系，在季节尺度上T/ET与植被生长状况呈正相关关系，与降水（降水量和降水频次）及土壤含水量呈负相关关系。最后，总结了蒸散发分割研究中存在的不足，从蒸散发分割的方法和影响因素两方面提出了未来研究需要解决的关键问题，以期为蒸散发分割的研究提供参考。

Research progress on methods and influencing factors of terrestrial evapotranspiration partitioning

Evapotranspiration (ET) is an integral part of the terrestrial hydrological cycle, understanding ET partitioning and the identification of its influencing factors is of great significance in the fields of meteorology, hydrology and agriculture. In order to study the applicability of different ET partitioning methods and their influencing factors on different time scales, this paper summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods for ET partitioning, and discusses their influencing factors on the daily and seasonal scales. The results show that hydrometeorological and isotope methods are more suitable for the field scale, whereas the modelling methods are more suitable for the regional scale. On the daily scale, solar radiation, soil temperature and vegetation type (especially the difference of stomatal conductance) are positively correlated with T/ET. On the seasonal scale, vegetation growth is positively correlated with T/ET, whereas precipitation (amount and frequency) and soil moisture content are negatively correlated with T/ET. Finally, the existing problems of ET partitioning are discussed and the key issues to be addressed are put forward from the aspects of methods and influencing factors of ET partitioning, so as to provide some references for the research of ET partitioning.