一种新的三维矢量声强测量方法

在双传声器互谱声强测量方法的基础上，提出了一种4传声器三维声强矢量测量方法，并且针对实际测量系统存在的误差，给出了一种简单实用的标定方法。以单极子声源为例，对该方法在不同频率情况下的理论误差进行了仿真分析，结果表明：在5—2000Hz频率范围内，测量所得x、y、z3个方向的声强误差均不超过1．5dB。与传统测量方法相比，该方法有如下优点：所用探头结构简单，只需4个传声器，可以节约成本；可用于瞬态声强的测量；在规定的频率范围内具有较高的精度。

A New Approach of 3-D Sound Intensity Measurement

Based on the two-microphone cross-spectral method for determining sound intensity,a new approach of 3-D sound intensity measurement using four microphones is introduced,and a simple and practical calibration method is given for removing the error of the measurement system.A monopole source is investigated to demonstrate the theoretical error of the method at different frequency.The results show that the errors between the calculated and the theoretical sound intensities at x,y,z directions are all less than 1.5 dB in the frequency range of 5 Hz to 2000 Hz.Compared with the traditional measurement method,the method has such advantages as follows: simple structure of its probe,low cost with only four microphones are used,and high accuracy in the given frequency range.