基于视觉定位的数控机床智能刀柄系统

针对航天领域某大型工件人工配打孔劳动成本高、制造效率低等问题,提出了一种基于视觉定位的智能刀柄系统,利用视觉算法对大型工件的多个安装孔进行自动识别和定位,并通过基准转换方法计算出安装孔在机床下的位置,将视觉补偿后的孔位位置发送给机床,即可实现机床对安装孔位置的自主感知和自动更新轨迹加工。将研究的系统和红外测头测量结果进行实验比对,结果表明,视觉定位平均误差0.05 mm,实际工件配合误差要求不超过0.3 mm,因此,研究的系统能满足实际生产需求。

Intelligent Tool Holder System of NC Machine Tool Based on Vision Positioning

In order to solve the problems of high labor cost and low manufacturing efficiency of manual drilling of a large workpiece in the aerospace field,an intelligent tool holder system based on visual positioning is proposed.The vision algorithm is used to automatically identify and locate multiple mounting holes of a large workpiece,and the position of the mounting hole under the machine tool is calculated through the datum transformation.The position of the hole after visual compensation is sent to the machine tool,the machine tool can automatically perceive the position of the mounting hole and automatically update the trajectory.The experimental comparison between the studied system and the measurement results of the infrared probe shows that the average error of visual positioning is 0.05 mm,and the actual workpiece matching error is required to be no more than 0.3 mm.Therefore,the studied system can meet the actual production needs.