强电磁脉冲电离大气三维FDTD仿真

强电磁脉冲在大气中传播时会导致大气分子电离,且电离气体又会反作用于传播的电磁波,因此是 一个传播状态动态实时变化的物理过程。要准确模拟该过程需要综合考虑电磁波传播、大气电离、带电粒子运动等 物理过程。为解决该问题,文中结合麦克斯韦方程、等离子体方程、磁流体动力学方程等,构建多物理场分析方程 组,该方程组能够考虑强电磁脉冲传播时大气电离、扩散、附着、复合等物理效应。进而结合三维时域有限差分方法 (FDTD)来构建动态仿真模型,对强电磁脉冲在大气中的传播过程进行仿真并分析其宏观大气电离效果。

Analysis of Strong Electromagnetic Pulses Ionizing Atmosphere Using 3D FDTD Method

When strong electromagnetic pulse propagates in the atmosphere, it will lead to ionization of atmospheric molecules, and at the same time, the ionized gas will react on the electromagnetic wave propagation, so the propagation state is a dynamic real-time propagation process. To accurately simulate this, physical processes such as electromagnetic wave propagation, atmospheric ionization and charged particle movement need to be comprehensively considered. In order to solve the problem, Maxwell equation, plasma equation and magnetohydrodynamics equation should be combined to construct multi-physical field analysis equations, and the atmospheric ionization, diffusion, attachment, recombination and other physical effects during the propagation of strong electromagnetic pulse should be considered. In this paper, a dynamic simulation model is built based on three-dimensional finite difference time domain (FDTD) method, and the propagation process of strong electromagnetic pulse in atmosphere is simulated in real time, also, the effect of macroscopic atmospheric ionization is analyzed.