往复式压缩机撬装模块振动分析与优化研究

往复式压缩机是保障页岩气增压外输的重要设备。当压缩机撬装模块的机械固有频率与压缩机激振频率接近会出现共振,处于共振下运行的压缩机撬装模块会发生剧烈振动,长期剧烈振动会引起连接螺栓断裂、缓冲罐开裂等失效现象。基于振动理论,建立压缩机撬装模块振动模型,开展振动特性研究,确定其在1、2阶激振频率范围内的各阶固有频率和振型,掌握压缩机撬装模块振动响应规律,并针对振动剧烈部件进行结构优化设计。结果表明:压缩机撬装模块的管线、循环加热器结构、分离器结构、主机及其附属结构存在较大的共振风险,原压缩机撬装模块共有11阶处于共振频率带范围,优化后为6阶,其中关键部件主机结构振幅最大降低17.9%。优化后的压缩机撬装模块各阶固有频率明显提高,振幅减小,研究结果可为减小机组共振风险和延长压缩机各部件使用寿命提供理论指导。

Vibration Analysis and Optimization of Skid-mounted Module of Reciprocating Compressors

The reciprocating compressor is an important equipment to ensure the output and pressurization of shale gas.When the natural frequency of the skid-mounted module of the compressor is close to the excitation frequency,resonance will occur,and the compressor skid-mounted module operating under the resonance will undergo violent vibration.Longterm severe vibration will cause failures phenomena,such as connection bolt breakage and buffer tank cracking.In this paper,based on the vibration theory,the vibration model of the compressor skid-mounted module was established,the vibration characteristics were studied.The natural frequencies and vibration modes of the skid-mounted module within the excitation frequency range from the first order to the second order were determined,and the vibration response rule of the compressor’s skid-mounted module was mastered.The structural optimization design for the components with severe vibration was fulfilled.The results show that the pipeline of the compressor’s skid-mounted module,the structure of the circulating heater,the structure of the separator,the host and its ancillary structure have a greater risk of resonance.The original compressor skid-mounted module has totally 11 natural frequencies in the resonance frequency range.After the optimization,there are only 6 natural frequencies this range.The amplitude of the main structure of the key components is reduced by up to 17.9%.The natural frequency of each stage of the optimized compressor skid-mounted module is significantly increased,and the amplitude is reduced.The research results provide a theoretical guidance for reducing the resonance risk of the compressor unit and extending the service life of the compressor components.