我国制造业集聚变迁与全要素生产率增长研究

本文选取我国29个省市区和17个制造行业1990～2009年的面板数据,对相对专业化与相对多样化集聚度进行了计算及变迁分析,利用Malmquist指数测算了全要素生产率的增长,并分析了产业集聚变迁对全要素生产率的影响。结果表明:我国东部地区呈现多样化与专业化集聚均衡发展的特征,而中西部地区则具有相对较高的专业化集聚水平,呈现产业结构单一化与非均衡化;东部地区全要素生产率增长较快,中西部地区相对滞后;相对专业化与多样化集聚对东部、中部与西部地区的影响存在地区差异。基于此,本文提出了加快产业结构调整、实施均衡的区域发展政策和提高经济组织制度绩效的政策建议。

On China’s Manufacturing Industry Cluster Transition and Total Factor Productivity Growth

Utilizing the panel data of China’s 29 provinces and 17 industries during 1990 and 2009, the paper calculated and analyzed the relative specialized and diversified cluster, estimated the growth of total factor productivity with Malmquist index, and further analyzed the effects of industrial cluster transition on the total factor productivity. The results show that the eastern regions of China present the characteristics of balanced development of diversified and specialized agglomeration, while the central and western regions have relatively high level of professional concentration as well as single and non-equalization industrial structure, the total factor productivity of the eastern region grows faster, and that of the central and western regions is lagging behind, there are regional differences in the effects of relative specialized agglomeration and diversified cluster on eastern, central and western regions. Therefore, the paper proposed the recommendations that it needs to accelerate industrial structure adjustment, implement the balanced regional development policies and improve the performance of the economic organization institutions.