煤层气勘探开发中的水污染分析及防治对策

煤层气勘探开发过程的三个阶段(勘探阶段、试生产阶段、和开采阶段)除了都产生生活污水外,勘探阶段的废水污染源主要是钻探过程中排出含有钻井液的废水,试生产阶段的废水污染源主要是含有含11大类20余种化学物质化学成分较复杂的压裂液,开采阶段的废水污染源特征主要是产生大量高矿化度、高盐度的采出水。勘探作业完成后钻井泥浆固化并经过无害化处理后,就地掩埋、清理现场后或复垦或绿化,压裂液废水由于成分复杂,必须处理达标后进行排放,对煤层气采出水经除盐装置处理达标后排放到纳水体中。并对煤层气勘探开发的环境保护具有一定意义。

Water Pollution and Control in CBM Exploration and Development

Wastewater will be generated in the process of CBM exploration and development such as drilling, pre-exploitation and exploitation. Drilling fluid is the major wastewater source in drilling process, while complex fracturing fluid is the wastewater source in pre-exploitation stage and massive high hardness and high salinity picking water is the source in exploitation stage. The drilling mud should be solidified and transported to landfill site for sanitary treatment, and fracturing fluid can be treated to discharge up to the criteria while picking water from coal bed gas should be discharged to water body after treating up to the criteria by means of desalinization.