臭氧对不同基质中呕吐毒素的降解效果研究

为了研究臭氧对不同基质中呕吐毒素（DON）的降解效果及其规律，本研究采用臭氧来处理不同状态下DON纯品和赤霉病小麦，并初步探究了小麦组分对臭氧降解DON效果的影响。结果表明，臭氧可以在短时间内降解水溶液中的DON纯品和固态DON纯品，在处理浓度为10 mg/L、处理时间为60 s时，DON的降解率可达90%；臭氧可以有效降解小麦中的DON，料液比对小麦中DON的降解效果具有显著影响，当小麦粉与水的料液比为1:6时，臭氧可将初始含量为1.82 mg/kg的全麦粉中DON含量降解至国家标准限量 (1 mg/kg)以下。此外，在臭氧降解小麦中的DON时，小麦麸皮、淀粉和蛋白均对其降解效果有着明显的阻碍作用，且蛋白的阻碍作用最大。由此可知，臭氧可以显著降解不同状态下的DON纯品，对小麦各组分中的DON有较好的降解效果，并且臭氧对DON纯品的降解效率要显著高于赤霉病小麦，说明小麦各组分对臭氧降解DON有一定影响，其中蛋白的影响效果最为明显。不同基质中的DON的臭氧降解效果不同，且该降解效果受臭氧处理浓度和处理时间、样品与臭氧接触面积、样品水分含量等因素的影响。

Effect of ozone on DON degradation in different substrates

In order to study the degradation effect of ozone on DON in different substrates and its regularity, this study used ozone treat pure DON and wheat in different states, the effect of wheat components on ozone degradation of DON was also expounded. The results showed that ozone could degrade pure DON in a short time, when the concentration was 10 mg/L and the treatment time was 60 s, the degradation rate was close to 90%; Ozone can effectively degrade the DON in wheat components, and the ratio of material to liquid has a significant impact on the degradation effect of DON in wheat. When the ratio of wheat flour to water is 1:6, ozone can degrade the DON content in whole wheat flour with the initial content of 1.82 mg/kg to below the national standard limit (1 mg/kg). In addition, the bran, starch and protein of wheat all had obvious blocking effect on its degradation effect, and protein is the most obvious. Conclusion: Ozone under different state can significantly degrade pure DON, and has a good degradation effect on DON in wheat components, however, the degradation rate of pure DON by ozone is significantly higher than that of wheat, which indicates that all components of wheat have a certain influence on ozone degradation of DON, and among them, protein had the most obvious effect. The degradation effects of DON varied significantly for the types of substrates, the degradation effect was influenced by ozone concentration and treatment time, area of contact between sample and ozone, the moisture content and other factors.