不同前茬和种植密度对牡丹江烤烟生长及产质量的影响

为明确不同前作茬口和种植密度对烤烟生长和产质量的影响。于2017-2018年在牡丹江东宁市以烤烟品种龙江911为材料,通过田间试验,研究了前茬种植烟草、大豆和玉米条件下,不同种植密度（14 500和17 400株/hm ²）对烤烟生长及产质量的影响。结果表明：2年间同一种植密度下,与烟草茬相比,大豆茬和玉米茬的烤烟株高、茎围、最大叶面积、感官质量和经济效益均显著增加,且以玉米茬效果最佳;2年间在前作茬口相同时,随着种植密度的降低,烤烟的株高、茎围、叶面积、感官质量和经济性状均显著提高;综合各指标来看,种植密度为14 500株/hm ²、前茬作物为玉米时,烤烟的株高、茎围、叶面积、均价和产值达到最大值,烟叶化学成分更为协调,感官质量最佳,建议作为适宜牡丹江地区进一步示范推广的种植模式。

Effects of Different Preceding Crops and Planting Density on Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Mudanjiang

In order to determine the effects of different preceding crops and planting density on the growth, yield and quality of Longjiang 911 (a flue-cured tobacco variety) was used as study material in Dongning of Mudanjiang in 2017-2018. The effects of different planting densities (14 500 and 17 400 plant/ha) on growth and yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco were studied through field experiments under the condition of planting flue-cured tobacco, soybean and corn in the preceding crop. The results showed that in the two years, compared with tobacco stubble, the plant height, stem circumference, maximum leaf area, sensory quality and economic benefit of flue-cured tobacco stubble were significantly increased compared with soybean stubble and corn stubble, and the effect of corn stubble was the best. In the two years, with the decrease of planting density, the plant height, stem circumference, leaf area, sensory quality and economic characteristics of flue-cured tobacco were significantly improved under the same preceding crop stubble. According to the comprehensive indicators, 14 500 plant/ha of planting density and corn stubble could make the plant height, stem circumference, leaf area, average price and output value reaching the maximum value of flue-cured tobacco, and the chemical composition of tobacco leaves become more coordinated and the sensory quality is the best. Therefore, we suggest the planting mode could be further demonstrated and popularized in Mudanjiang area.