生计安全研究的可视化分析

以Web of science 核心库中1991~2016年间收录主题为“livelihood security”的文献为基础,应用CiteSpace软件,采取突现词分析、关键词共现分析、文献共被引分析等方法对生计安全研究进行可视化分析。研究发现,干旱、健康、妇女、艾滋病、粮食安全、难民等是生计安全研究的前沿领域;生计安全研究热点主要包括生计结果类、生态环境类、生计策略类和重点地区类;生计安全研究的知识基础主要包括粮食安全、海洋资源、气候变化适应性等研究领域;从研究内容来看,中国生计安全研究主要包括自然资源与粮食安全、自然灾害与生计安全、快速城镇化与生计安全、气候变化与生计安全等4个方面。

Progress and Implications in Livelihood Security Research

With the change of global environment and the rapid development of economic globalization, strengthening the protection and restoration of ecosystem and improving the livelihood of residents have become the focus of the government and academia. At present, analysis research on the livelihood security is of great significance in the implementation of Chinese poverty alleviation and of national development plans. However, so far, there are few reports on systematic review of livelihood security studies using the visualization method of knowledge mapping at home and abroad. Therefore, this article firstly takes literature which focuses on “livelihood security” included in the core database of Web of Science from 1991 to 2016 as the basis, then applies the software CiteSpace, and uses emergent word algorithm to obtain emergent word map of the livelihood security research field. The study finds that from 1991 to 2016, the emerging words in the field of livelihood security research mainly included drought, healthy, women, AIDS, food security, refugees, etc., and it showes the characteristics of survival, development and adaptation in stages. Secondly, this article researches the studies focus and development trend of livelihood security through word frequency analysis and the frequency of high frequency subject words. Four hotspots in livelihood security are concluded in this study: 1) Livelihood outcome: it mainly includes food security, vulnerability, poverty and impact; 2) Ecological environment: it mainly consists of climate change and agriculture; 3) Livelihood strategies: it largely contains management, conservation and adaptation; 4) Key areas: it is mostly about Africa. Then, this article adopts the method of literature co-citation analysis and cluster analysis to analyze the knowledge basis of livelihood security research field. It is found that the adaptability of food security, marine resources and climate change together constitute the frontier and hot area of livelihood security research. Finally, CiteSpace is used to analyze the research literature on English livelihood security published by Chinese scholars. It is concluded that the research of China's livelihood security includes four aspects: natural resources and food security, natural disasters and livelihood security, rapid urbanization and livelihood security, climate change and livelihood security. In conclusion, this article analyzes livelihood security research in 27 years, including research hot spot trends and knowledge base, etc. by using information visualization software CiteSpace. This is a new attempt of livelihood security research review, which can reveals the overall characteristics of livelihood security research more scientifically, accurately and fully, so as to provide a scientific reference in the further development of livelihood security research both at home and abroad.