珠海市某区15～69岁常住居民烟草流行及影响因素分析

目的 了解珠海市某区常住居民烟草流行情况及影响因素,为居民吸烟行为干预提供依据。方法 采用简单随机抽样的方法,对2076名15～69岁常住居民的吸烟行为进行入户调查。结果 15～69岁常住居民现在吸烟率和每日吸烟率分别为24.42%和22.74%,其中男性分别为49.02%和45.67%,女性分别为0.85%和女性0.75%。吸烟者和非吸烟者的二手烟暴露率分别为86.00%和49.97%。调查对象中认为吸烟能导致中风、心脏病和阳痿的比例分别为44.08%、46.53和43.45%,认为二手烟雾能够导致成人心脏病和儿童肺部疾病、成人肺癌的比例分别为47.25%、62.38%和71.00%。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别中女性吸烟率低,文化程度越高,吸烟率越低,癌症防治知晓得分越高的人群,吸烟率也较低。结论 该地区15～69岁居民吸烟率低于全国水平,但对烟草危害的认识度不高,仍需加强吸烟以及二手烟雾危害的宣传教育工作。

Prevalence of tobacco use and its influencing factors among residents aged 15-69 years in a district of Zhuhai City

Objective To understand the prevalence of tobacco use and its influencing factors among residents aged 15-69 years in a district of Zhuhai City, so as to provide the evidence for smoking control. Methods A total of 2 076 residents aged 15 to 69 years were selected as study objects by a simple random sampling method and a household survey was performed for their smoking behaviors. Results The current smoking rate and daily smoking rate of the residents were 24.42% and 22.74%, respectively, including 49.02% and 45.67% for men, 0.85% and 0.75% for women. The second-hand exposure rates for smokers and non-smokers were 86.00% and 49.97%, respectively. The proportions of the residents who thought that smoking could cause stroke, heart disease and impotence were 44.08%, 46.53 and 43.45%, respectively. The proportions of the residents who thought that the second-hand exposure of smoking could cause adult heart disease, children's lung diseases and adult lung cancer were 47.25%, 62.38%, and 71.00% respectively. The logistic regression analysis showed that the smoking rate was low among women; the higher of the education level, the lower of the smoking rate; the higher of the cancer prevention awareness score, the lower of the smoking rate. Conclusion The smoking rate of the residents aged 15 to 69 years in this area is lower than that of the national level, but the awareness of tobacco hazards is not high. Therefore, it is still necessary to strengthen the health education of smoking control and second-hand smoking hazards.