事件相关电位P300在神经疾病伴认知功能障碍中的应用价值

目的探讨P300联合MMSE、MoCA量表评定神经疾病伴认知功能障碍病人认知功能的敏感性及P300检查的优越性。方法对33例神经科器质性疾病（如脑梗死、高血压、帕金森病等）病人和21名正常健康人行P300检测，同时使用MMSE和MoCA量表评估其认知情况，比较神经科器质性疾病病人和正常健康人P300的潜伏期和波幅；并比较2组神经心理量表评分结果与P300的潜伏期和波幅的相关性。结果对照组MMSE量表评分、MoCA评分高于观察组（P < 0.05和P < 0.01）；对照组P300潜伏期明显低于观察组（P < 0.01），2组波幅比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。P300潜伏期与MMSE评分、MoCA评分呈负相关（P < 0.05）；P300波幅与MMSE评分呈弱正相关（P < 0.05），与MoCA评分无相关（P>0.05）。结论P300可以作为评估神经疾病伴认知功能障碍的生物指标，采用P300联合MoCA量表可以更敏感的检测出病人的早期认知功能障碍，值得在临床进一步应用。

Application value of event-related potential P300 in nerve disease complicated with cognitive impairment

ObjectiveTo evaluate the sensitivity and superiority of P300 combined with MMSE and MoCA in the evaluation of the cognitive function in neuropathy patients complicated with cognitive impairment.MethodsP300 was measured in 33 patients with organic diseases (such as cerebral infarction, hypertension and Parkinson's disease) and 21 healthy people, and the cognitive function in all cases was evaluated using MMSE and MoCA.The latency and amplitude of P300 between patients and healthy people were compared.The correlation of psychological scale score with latency and amplitude of P300 between patients and healthy people were compared.ResultsThe scores of MMSE and MoCA in control group were higher than those in observation group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01), the latency of P300 in control group was significantly lower than that in observation group (P < 0.01), and the difference of the amplitude between two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).The latency of P300 was negatively correlated with MMSE and MoCA scores (P < 0.05).The amplitude of P300 was positively correlated with MMSE score (P < 0.05), and not correlated with MoCA score (P>0.05).ConclusionsP300 can be used as a biological indicator in evaluating organic disease complicated with cognitive impairment.P300 combined with MoCA scale can more sensitively detect the early cognitive impairment of patients, which is worthy of further clinical application.