公法上不当得利研究

公法上不当得利是指在公法范围内,欠缺法律上的原因而发生的财产变动,致一方受有利益,他方受有损害,受损的一方有请求返还所受利益的权利,其判别标准为:公法关系、财产变动与欠缺法律上原因。在我国,宪法上的财产权、行政法上的依法行政原理与财产法上的衡平原理均为公法上不当得利存在的法学基础。公法上不当得利按不同标准可分为多类,但按请求权分类已成为习惯,可将其分为相对人向国家或其他行政主体请求、国家或其他行政主体向相对人请求与机关间相互请求等,这些在我国现存的公法规范中均有所体现。

On the Unjust Enrichment in Public Laws

The unjust enrichment in public laws refers to transfer of property for lack of legal causality in the regime of public laws,where one party is unjustly enriched at the expense of another,and an obligation to make restitution arises.The criteria for judgment are public law relations,transfer of property and the lack of legal causality.In our country,the jurisprudence lies in the property rights in the Constitution,principle of administration according to law,and equitable principles in property law.Though there are various classifications on unjust enrichment in public laws,the customary one is by right of claim,that is,claims made to the State or other administrative departments by counterparties,claims made to counterparties by the State or other administrative departments,and claims made by and between administrative departments.All these types have been regulated by public laws in our country.