如何向集团赔偿——以集团诉讼中的赔偿估算和分配为中心

普通法系集团诉讼制度中，面向集团的赔偿机制由赔偿金的估算和分配两个程序组成。赔偿金的估算包括个别性估算方法和整体性估算方法。在现代集团诉讼背景下，个别性估算方法不能解决所有集团诉讼的赔偿问题，须由整体性估算方法来弥补缺陷。在整体上确定赔偿总额后，还要按照直接分配、间接分配等方式将赔偿金分配给集团成员。普通法集团诉讼中的“以个别损害赔偿方法为原则，以整体性估算为例外；以直接分配为主，以间接分配为辅”的理念，对于我们克服代表入诉讼制度的体制阻碍具有借鉴价值。

How the Class Members Be Paid for?:Focusing on the Common Law Class Action

The monetary relief in class action of common law legal systems consists of two procedures,assessment mechanism and distribution mechanism. The monetary relief assessment mechanism contains individual damages assessment and aggregate assessment. After the aggregate assessment,the money should be distributed by direct distribution or non-direct distribution. The idea that gives the first place to individual damages assessment and direct distribution,assisting with aggregate assessment and non-direct distribu...