沿海生态地区空间均衡内涵界定与状态评估——以黄河三角洲高效生态经济区为例

以沿海生态地区黄河三角洲高效生态经济区为例,运用组合类型方法测度空间均衡状态,得出以下结论：① 黄河三角洲高效生态区开发强度呈现中部和东翼高、西翼低的空间格局,资源环境承载能力呈现由东翼向西翼递减的空间格局;② 开发不足型、均衡型、过度开发型区域并存,东翼多为均衡型区域,中部和西翼多为过度开发区域,西翼偏北地区多为开发不足区域;③ 区域本底条件、区域发展阶段、产业集聚状态、空间集约程度、管控制度设计、区际关系结构等是影响空间均衡的重要因素。

Meaning of Space Balance and Assessing the State of the Coastal Ecological Regions: A Case of the Yellow River Delta Efficient Ecological Economic Zone

Resources and environment is the carrier and foundation of human social and economic development. The rapid economic growth of the world and China caused severe problems of resources and environment after World War Ⅱ. After decades of rapid growth in the world, especially since 1950s, due to the one-sided pursuit of economic growth, paying a huge price of environmental pollution and destruction, many global problems such as global climate change, land degradation, severe desertification, serious water shortages, natural disasters, environmental pollution, migration of chemical substances, biodiversity loss and other issues presented to the public, and the impact of human activities on the geographical environment gradually. The research of man-land relationships is the eternal theme and the core of geography research, and promoting the sustainable development of man-land system is a long-term task to participate in social practice of the geography. Because of the heterogeneity of the geographical conditions, it is difficult to realize regional club convergence. The difference between the development pattern of regional economy is an objective fact, with no expansion of space or even out of control, it often leads to low economic efficiency, so we need redefine and reflection space equalization connotation. When the regional development activities of society and economy corporate with the spatial resources and environmental supply abilities, it can be understood that the region is in the balancing statement. In case of the coastal ecosystems, the Yellow River delta efficient ecological economic zone, the results of combination and coordination model measuring the statement of space balance approach show that the space development intensity of the zone is high in the middle, low on the wings, and the carrying ability of resources and environment decreases from east to west. And the spatial patterns present the less-development type, most in the north of the west area, the balanced-development type, most in the east area, and the over-development-type, most in the central and west area. The results also show that regional background conditions, regional development stage, industrial agglomeration state and intensive degree, the designing of management system, interregional relationship structure are the important factors influencing the spatial balance. The study provide not only a typical case of space balance, but also a reference and guidance for the coordinate development of the relationship between people and land area of coastal ecosystems.