考虑高架桥和风屏障影响的高速列车龙卷风荷载特性研究

针对高速列车在龙卷风等局地强风作用下的运营安全，开展了高架桥上高速列车在模拟龙卷风作用下气动力识别刚体模型测压实验，研究了不同龙卷风中心作用下列车气动力的空间分布特征，评价了风屏障对列车气动力的影响。结果表明:相比混凝土栏杆，风屏障将减小龙卷风作用下列车的整体阻力、升力和倾覆力矩系数的最不利值，但会增加整体俯仰和横摆力矩系数最不利值。采用风屏障将改变“气流?车?桥”间的相互作用机制，从而改变列车整体风力系数最不利值发生的龙卷风中心位置。风屏障高度对列车整体风力系数各分量的影响规律不相同。

TORNADO WIND LOAD CHARACTERISTICS OF A HIGH-SPEED TRAIN CONSIDERING THE EFFECT OF THE VIADUCT AND WIND SCREEN

To ensure the operation safety for high-speed trains under non-synoptic winds such as tornadoes, rigidmodel wind pressure measurements were conducted on a high-speed train on a viaduct in a tornado vortex simulator. We investigated the spatially varied aerodynamic load characteristics of the train under different locations of the tornado center and the effect of the wind screen on the wind loads. The results show that,compared to concrete railing, the wind screen reduces most unfavorable values of the total drag and lift force coefficients and the total overturning moment coefficients, but increases those of total pitching and yawing moment coefficients. The wind screen alters the mechanism of tornado vortices-train-viaduct interaction and therefore changes the most unfavorable location of the tornado center for total force coefficients. The influence of the height of the wind screen is different from each other for different components of total force coefficients.