渍害条件下生物炭对番茄生长及产量的影响

为了探讨南方地区农业生产以施加生物炭作为缓解作物渍害胁迫的可能性,利用土柱试验,系统研究了渍害条件下不同生物炭施加量对番茄形态指标、生理指标、产量及水分利用效率的影响.结果表明,在5%生物炭施用量下,除总根长、根尖数、根冠比和叶绿素荧光参数外,其余各项形态指标、生理指标较对照处理均显著增加;生物炭施用对番茄干物质积累的促进作用更为明显,施用3%生物炭处理下,根干质量、总干物质量较对照处理差异显著,分别增加了0.11 g/株、2.37 g/株.生物炭添加对番茄产量影响并不显著,仅在生物炭施加量为10%时,番茄产量明显高于对照处理,而该处理下WUE的增幅达到了120%.总体上,5%的生物炭施用量较为经济合理,适于实际生产应用.

Effects of biochar on growth and yield of tomato under waterlogging

To explore the possibility of applying biochar to alleviate crop waterlogging stress in agricultural production in southern China, soil column experiments were conducted,systematically studying the effects of different biochar application rate on morphological index, physiological index, yield and WUE(water use efficiency)of tomato suffering from waterlogging. The results showed that at 5% biochar application rate, except for the main root length, root tip number, root shoot ratio and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, other morphological and physiological indexes were significantly increased, relative to the control. Biochar′s effect on tomato dry matter accumulation was more obvious, and when biochar application rate reached 3%, root dry weight and the total dry matter were greatly higher than the control, increased by 0.11 g·strain^-1 and 2.37 g·strain^-1, respectively. Biochar addition did not have a significant influence on tomato yield. Only when biochar was applied at the rate of 10%, the tomato yield was significantly higher than the control, while the increase in WUE reached 120%. Overall, 5% biochar application rate is more reasonable and economical, suitable for practical agricultural production.