恩施烟区烟叶香型特点及品质分析

【目的】研究分析恩施烟区烟叶的香型特点及品质差异，为恩施特色优质烟叶的定向生产及卷烟工业企业的品牌原料需求提供理论依据。【方法】采集恩施烟区代表性烟叶样品，进行外观质量评价、化学成分检测及感官质量评吸，用SAS9．1软件对试验数据进行统计分析。【结果】恩施烟区烟叶主要有浓透清、浓偏中和中偏浓3种香气类型，以浓透清香型和浓偏中香型为主。3种香气类型烟Ⅱl-品质之间具有一定差异：外观质量综合评价浓偏中香型和浓透清香型烟叶明显优于中偏浓香型烟叶；总糖、总植物碱、总氮等化学成分含量对烟叶香型影响较大，以浓透清香型烟叶总糖含量最高，中偏浓香型烟叶总氮、总植物碱和蛋白质含量最高；3种香型烟叶香气质、香气量、余味、杂气、综合得分间均存在显著差异，以浓透清香型烟叶香气质和香气量最佳，感官评吸综合得分最高，中偏浓香型烟叶综合得分最低。【结论】恩施烟区的烟叶香型以浓透清和浓偏中为主，且随着海拔升高浓透清香型烟叶所占比例逐渐增加，因此可将恩施烟区尤其是高海拔地区打造成浓透清香型烟叶的生态种植区域，进一步彰显恩施烟叶的风格特色。

Analysis of tobacco leaves quality and aroma type in Enshi tobacco-growing areas

Objective]The characteristics of aroma type and quality difference in Enshi tobacco-growing areas were stud- ied to provide references for oriented production of Enshi superior tobacco leaves and material demand from tobacco companies. Method]Using SAS 9.1 software, the representative tobacco leaf samples were collected from tobacco growing areas to deter- mine the appearance quality, the content of chemical composition and the smoking quality. Result]There were three main aroma types in Enshi tobacco-growing areas, viz., thick and delicate type, thick biasing moderate type and moderate inclined to thick type. The major types were thick and delicate and thick biasing moderate. The quality of tobacco leaves varied among the three aroma types. The appearance quality of thick and delicate type and thick biasing moderate type were significantly better than that of moderate inclined to thick type. The contents of total sugar, total nitrogen and iotal nicotine in tobacco leaves had important impacts on aroma types. The content of total sugar in tobacco leaves of thick and delicate type was the most. The con- tents of total nitrogen, total nicotine and protein in tobacco leaves of moderate inclined to thick type were the highest. The quali- ty of aroma, the amount of aroma, the after-taste, the miscellaneous gas and the smoking scores showed significant difference among the three aroma types. The quality of aroma and the amount of aroma in tobacco leaves of thick and delicate type were the best, and its comprehensive scores of sensory evaluation were the highest. While the moderate inclined to thick type showed the lowest scores. Conclusion]The types of thick and delicate and thick biasing moderate were the majority in Enshi tobacco- growing areas. The proportion of thick and delicate type tobacco leaves rises with the increase of altitude. Therefore, to further showcase the characteristics of tobacco leaves in Enshi tobacco-growing areas, the emphasis should be laid on developing thick and delicate type tobacco leaves.