纳米结构太阳电池的研究与展望

纳米结构太阳电池在未来第三代太阳电池中具有潜在应用价值。首先,介绍了各种纳米结构光伏材料的优异物理特性。然后,着重评述了不同纳米结构太阳电池近年的研究进展。这些太阳电池包括具有带隙可调谐特性的量子阱太阳电池、具有良好光吸收特性的纳米薄膜太阳电池、具有低反射率特性的纳米线太阳电池和基于多基子产生效应的量子点太阳电池。最后,提出了发展纳米结构太阳电池的若干技术对策,包括合理选择适宜纳米结构的材料、制备高质量的纳米光伏材料、优化设计太阳电池的组态结构以及揭示与阐明太阳电池中光生载流子的输运机制。

Study and Prospect of Nanostructured Solar Cells

Nanostructured solar cells have potential applications in the third generation solar cells.Firstly,superior physical properties of various nanostructured photovoltaic materials are described.Then recent progresses of different nanostructured solar cells are emphatically reviewed.The solar cells include quantum well solar cells with tunable bandgap ability,nanometer films solar cells with good optical absorption,nanowire solar cells with low reflectivity and quantum dot solar cells based on multiple exciton generation effect.Finally,some technological strategies to develop the nanostructured solar cells are proposed.These strategies include the reasonable choice of suitable nanostructured materials,fabrication of high quality nanometer photovoltaic materials,optimum design of the solar cell configuration,and reveal and explanation of the transportation mechanism for photogenerated carriers in solar cells.