Stimulation of secondary metabolites by copper and gold nanoparticles in submerge adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) |
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| Authors: | Bushra Ghazal Sumaia Saif Kashif Farid Adnan Khan Sapna Rehman Ahmad Reshma Hina Fazal Mohammad Ali Ashfaq Ahmad Latifur Rahman Nisar Ahmad |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Center for Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Swat, Swat 19200 Pakistan ; 2. Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Peshawar 25120 Pakistan ; 3. Department of Chemistry, Quaid‐i‐Azam University, Islamabad 45320 Pakistan |
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| Abstract: | Nanotechnology is one of the advance technologies that almost found implications in every field of science. The importance is due to the unique properties of nanoparticles. In this study, bimetallic alloys of copper (Cu) and gold (Au) were tested in submerge root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana for production of biomass and secondary metabolites. A known amount of inoculum roots were submerged in liquid Murashige and Skoog medium containing combination of naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.5 mg l−1) and different ratios of nanoparticles (NPs). NAA augmented medium was used as control. The addition of nanoparticles (30 µg l−1) stimulated biomass accumulation (1.447 g/flask) on 27th day of log phases. The maximum total phenolics content (TPC; 16.17 mg/g‐DW) and total flavonoids content (TFC; 4.20 mg/g‐DW) were displayed using AuCu‐NPs (1:3) and NAA. The same combinations enhanced total phenolic production (TPP; 116 mg/L) and total flavonoid production (TFP; 29.5 mg/L) in submerged cultures. A strong correlation was observed between phenolics, flavonoids and dry biomass. Moreover, maximum 1, 1‐diphenyl‐2‐picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) activity of 79% was displayed by addition of AuCu (1:3) nanoparticles. In conclusion, nanoparticles application has shown a positive effect in enhancing biomass and secondary metabolites production in adventitious root cultures of Stevia rebaudiana.Inspec keywords: bimetals, copper, gold, nanoparticles, renewable materials, bioenergy conversion, toxicology, nanofabrication, nanobiotechnology, biochemistry, molecular biophysicsOther keywords: Au‐Ag, time 27 d, maximum DPPH activity, dry biomass, flavonoids, phenolics, NAA enhanced total phenolic production, total flavonoid content, maximum total phenolic content, log phases, bimetallic NPs stimulated biomass accumulation, NAA augmented medium, naphthalene acetic acid, Skoog medium, liquid Murashige, inoculum roots, culture development, seed‐derived roots, bimetallic alloys, nanotechnology, Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.), submerge adventitious root cultures, gold nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles, secondary metabolites |
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