扩散连接技术在核聚变反应堆包层模块制造中的应用

国际受控热核聚变实验堆计划是全球规模最大、影响最深远的国际科研合作项目之一,有望彻底解决能源危机。核聚变反应堆关键部件——包层模块的结构复杂、体积庞大,且服役环境恶劣,焊接接头成为影响反应堆安全运行的薄弱环节。以扩散连接为代表的固相焊接技术对接头性能及组织影响较小,已逐渐取代熔化焊应用于包层模块复杂构件制造。在简要介绍扩散连接及其原理的基础上,对包层模块构件扩散连接的研究进展进行了阐述,包括低活化铁素体/马氏体钢及氧化物弥散强化钢构件的扩散连接,Be,W,Si C等其他先进高温材料的扩散连接等。

Application of Diffusion Bonding Technique in Fabrication of Blanket Module Components of Nuclear Fusion Reactor

International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor is one of the world's largest and the most far-reaching international scientific collaborative projects, which is expected to solve the energy crisis. As a key built-up part, blanket module has complex structure and large size, and serves under harsh service conditions. The welding joints of blanket module have become the weak links affecting the operation of the nuclear fusion reactor. Solid-phase welding technology, represented by diffusion bonding, have relatively low effect on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the joints, and has gradually taken the place of the fusion welding technology used for fabrication of the blanket module complex components. Based on the brief presentation of diffusion bonding and its bonding mechanism, the research progress in diffusion bonding of blanket module components was discussed in this paper, including the diffusion bonding of reduced activation ferritic/ martensitic steels and oxide dispersion strengthened steels, and the diffusion bonding of Be, W, SiC and/ or other advanced high-temperature materials.