人工纳米材料富勒烯（C60）低剂量长期暴露对鲫鱼的氧化伤害

为更好地判断人工纳米材料(富勒烯,C60)对水生生物的潜在健康危害,以鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)幼鱼为受试生物,研究了低剂量C60(0.04～1.0 mg·L-1)长期(32 d)暴露对鲫鱼的氧化伤害.结果表明,各实验组中鲫鱼幼鱼脑、肝脏、鳃组织中的还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量都发生显著降低(p＜0.05),其中1 mg·L-1 nC60,aq的暴露对鳃组织GSH含量的抑制率为14.3%,高于对鱼脑、肝脏组织中的抑制率;肝脏组织中过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,以及鳃组织中Na -K -ATP酶活性均被显著激活,其最大活性分别是对照的121.34%(0.04 mg·L-1暴露组)、114.80%(0.04 mg·L-1暴露组)和348.59%(0.20mg·L-1暴露组).实验结果揭示,长期暴露引起机体组织的氧化应激可能是水环境中C60的致毒机制之一.

Oxidative Damages of Long-term Exposure to Low Level Fullerenes (C60) in Carassius auratus

To determine the potential effects of fullerenes (C60) on aquatic organism, larval Carassius auratus was exposed to low level C60 (0.04-1.0 mg x L(-1)) for 32 days. Then the oxidative damages in brain, liver and gill tissue of larval Carassius auratus were measured. The results showed that: compared to the control, the reduced glutathione (GSH) contents in all different tissues decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the most serious inhibition of GSH with a 14.3% inhibition rate was found in the gill tissue of larval crucian exposed to 1 mg x L(-1) C60 aqueous suspension; whereas the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in liver tissue, Na+ -K+ -ATPase activities in gill tissue were stimulated significantly (p < 0.05), and the maximal activity of them were 121.34% (exposed to 0.04 mg x L(-1) C60 aqueous suspension), 114.80% (exposed to 0.04 mg x L(-1) C60 aqueous suspension) and 348.59% (exposed to 0.20 mg x L(-1) C60 aqueous suspension) respectively than that of control. The experiment results indicated that oxidative damages induced by long-term exposure might play a role in the bio-toxicity of C60 to larval crucian.