Production of crude bio-oil via direct liquefaction of spent K-Cups |
| |
Affiliation: | 1. Institut de Recherche sur la Catalyse et l''Environnement de Lyon, IRCELYON, CNRS, Université Lyon 1, 2 avenue Albert Einstein, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France;2. IFP Energies nouvelles Rond Point de l''échangeur de Solaize, BP3 F-69360 Solaize, France |
| |
Abstract: | Spent K-Cups were liquefied into crude bio-oil in a water-ethanol co-solvent mixture and reaction conditions were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design (CCD). The effects of three independent variables on the yield of crude bio-oil were examined, including the reaction temperature (varied from 255 °C to 350 °C), reaction time (varied from 0 min to 25 min) and solvent/feedstock mass ratio (varied from 2:1 to 12:1). The optimum reaction conditions identified were 276 °C, 3 min, and solvent/feedstock mass ratio of 11:1, giving a mass fraction yield of crude bio-oil of 60.0%. The overall carbon recovery at the optimum conditions was 93% in mass fraction. The effects of catalyst addition (NaOH and H2SO4) on the yield of crude bio-oil were also investigated under the optimized reaction conditions. The results revealed that the presence of NaOH promoted the decomposition of feedstock and significantly enhanced the bio-oil production and liquefaction efficiency, whereas the addition of H2SO4 resulted in a negative impact on the liquefaction process, decreasing the yield of crude bio-oil. |
| |
Keywords: | Spent K-Cup Liquefaction Water-ethanol mixture Bio-oil Response surface methodology (RSM) |
本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录! |
|