一种从大体积海水中有效提取病毒颗粒的简易方法

海洋中广泛分布着极富多样性的病毒，它们在海洋生态系统中发挥着重要的作用。但因其存在个体极其微小性，非细胞性和专性寄生性，至今国内外对海洋病毒的研究进展缓慢。为了从海水中浓缩病毒，本文对吸附洗脱法、化学絮凝法等浓缩方法进行了探索和尝试，最后利用三氯化铝沉淀病毒，同时加入滑石粉-硅藻土作为病毒吸附剂促进病毒吸附沉淀的方法，初步建立起了一种可以通过处理大体积海水浓缩病毒的海水病毒提取方法，在青岛近海海域的海水中成功提取到了游离的病毒。电镜观察的结果表明，海水中不仅存在着一定丰度的游离病毒，而且病毒的种类多种多样。病毒形态有具纤突的球状病毒、不具纤突的球状病毒和杆状病毒、噬菌体等，病毒粒子大小在40～400nm之间。

A simple and effective method extracting viruses from a large volume of seawater

Diversity viruses are abundanct in the sea. They play a very important role in marine ecosystem. The research on marine viruses is just at initial stage worldwide.We have tried different ways to concentrate and isolate viruses from seawater, such as absorption and wash, chemical flocculation and so on. Finally, we extracted some free viruses from Qingdao coastal waters successfully by using AlCl 3 sorbent. Transmission electron microscopy observation shows that there are free varieties of viruses in seawater, and their species are many and varied. The shapes of the viruses include globosity with and without thread, bacilliform virus, bacteriophages, etc. The sizes are about 40~400 nm long. We set up a way to isolate viruses by concentrating a large volume of seawater at the same time.