p53基因诱导白血病细胞凋亡的机制研究

目的：探讨p53基因诱导白血病细胞凋亡过程中内源性TGF-β1、TNF-α、端粒酶活性、Bcl-2表达的改变及其意义。方法：利用脂质体将温敏型p53基因pN53cG(Val135)]导入p53基因缺失的白血病细胞系HL-60、K562细胞，经G418筛选，获得稳定表达p53蛋白的抗性克隆细胞HL-60pN53cG，K562-pN53cG细胞。采用缺口末端标记法、片段化DNA分析、RT-PCR、定量PCR、ELISA、PCR-ELISA、流式细胞术等方法检测外源性p53基因诱导白血病细胞凋亡过程中TGF-β1、TNF-α、bcl-2、端粒酶反转录酶(hTERT)mRNA表达变化、细胞上清TGF-β1水平和端粒酶活性及。TGF-β1、TNF-α反义PS-ODNS对白血病细胞凋亡和Bcl-2蛋白表达的影响。结果:①外源性野生型p53基因诱导细胞凋亡过程中内源性。TGF-β1和TNF-α mRNA表达上调，bcl-2及hTERT mRNA表达下调，细胞培养上清TGF-β1蛋白水平明显升高，端粒酶活性水平下降；②TGF-β1、TNF-α反义PS-ODNS能够明显抑制野生型p53基因诱导细胞凋亡的发生，并使细胞bcl-2 mRNA及蛋白表达恢复到处理前的水平。结论：p53基因诱导白血病细胞凋亡可通过上调内源性TGF-β1和TNF-α水平，下调hTERT mRNA表达及端粒酶活性，抑制bcl-2基因表达而发挥作用。

New insight into the mechanism of p53 inducing leukemia cell apoptosis

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression changes of intrinsic cytokines TGF-beta(1) and TNF-alpha, telomerase activity and bcl-2 during ongoing apoptosis of HL-60 and K562 cells induced by p53. METHODS: pN53cG (Val135), a temperature sensitive p53 mutant, which behaved like wild type p53 (wt-p53) at 32.5 degrees C, were introduced into p53-null HL-60 and K562 cells respectively by lipofectin. In the presence of G418, HL-60-pN53cG and K562 pN53cG clones expressing p53 protein were selected. The ongoing expression of intrinsic cytokines (TGF-beta(1) and TNF-alpha), bcl-2 oncogene and hTERT mRNA during the apoptosis of HL-60 and K562 cells induced by p53 and the effects of exogenous p53 gene, TGF-beta(1) and TNF-alpha antisense PS-ODNS on the apoptosis of HL-60 and K562 cells and the expression of bcl-2 were studied by RT-PCR, quantitative RT-PCR, DNA fragmentation, TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and flow cytometery. The levels of secreted TGF-beta(1) and telomerase activity were detected by ELISA and PCR-ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: (1) The expressions of intrinsic TGF-beta(1) and TNF-alpha mRNA were up-regulated, while that of bcl-2 and hTERT down-regulated. The levels of TGF-beta(1) in the supernatant of HL-60 and K562 cells were increased, and the level of telomerase activity decreased. (2) Antisense PS-ODNS of TGF-beta(1) and TNF-alpha could obviously inhibit the p53 inducing cell apoptosis, and restore bcl-2 mRNA and protein to pre-treated level. CONCLUSIONS: Exogenous p53 induces leukemia cell apoptosis via up-regulating the expression of intrinsic TGF-beta(1) and TNF-alpha and down-regulating the expression of hTERT and bcl-2.