游蛇科（Colubridae）10种蛇的随机扩增多态DNA研究

用随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ（ＲＡＰＤ）技术对游蛇科１０种蛇基因组ＤＮＡ的多态性进行了分子遗传标记的研究．所得数据经聚类分析结果提示：１．蛇类种内个体间存在着遗传多样性即个体间的差异，随机扩增多态ＤＮＡ片段共享度的分析表明，种间差异显著大于种内个体间的差异，说明在研究种间系统演化关系时．可以用随机取样的个体代表一个种作种间比较．２．锦蛇属是一高度分化的大属，本研究中的５种锦蛇间．玉斑锦蛇和红点锦蛇关系较近．可以井为１组．另３种归为１组还是分为３个不同的组尚难定论．３．游蛇科６个属之间．锦蛇属、乌梢蛇属和鼠蛇属３属间亲缘关系较近．Ｒｈａｂｏｐｈｉｓ和Ｓｉｎｏｎａｔｒｉｘ与链蛇属较近．它们可能代表该科中较原始的类群．

STUDY ON RANDOMLY AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA OF 10 SPECIES OF SNAKES IN COLUBRIDAE

The randomly amplified P = ploymorphic DNA (RAPD) method was employed to screen the genetic markers in the genomic DNA of 10 species of the snakes in Colubridae. The cluster analyses for the molecular genetic bata of the snakes indicated that: 1. There was a genetic variability among the individuals of each species. But the differences detected by proportion of shared frayments between the species were obviously larger than those within a species. Randomly sampled individuals, therefore, could be used in the study on the phylogenetis relationship among different species. 2. Elaphe was a higily differentiated genus.Among the 5 species analyzed in this study. E. mandarinus was closely related to E. rufodorsata.and the two species could be grouped together. But the relationship among the other 3 species was still a question. 3. Among the 6 genera of Colubridae, Elaphe, Zaocys and Ptyas were closely related. while Rhabophis and Sinonatrin had a closer relationship to Dinodon. The latter three probably represented a pnmitive group in the family.