基于生态水深-流速法的河段生态需水量计算方法

在界定了生态流速和生态水深概念的基础上，提出了一种同时考虑河道本身参数(湿 周、糙率、水力坡度)和维持某一生态功能所需河流流量的水力学方法，避免了湿周法不能反映复式断面真实水位流量关系的缺点，并用于验证黄河上游小川河段生态需水量，同时用Tennant法作了对比。结果表明：用生态水深-流速法得到的小川河段生态流量优于Tennant法所计算的生态需水量，由于该方法考虑了生态流速和生态水深，故所得的结果符合实际情况。

Determination of ecological water demand based on necessary flow depth and velocity for specific ecological function

Based on the concept of ecological velocity and ecological water depth a hydraulic method of determining the necessary discharge for maintaining the specific ecological functions of river, with the hydraulic parameters of river including the wetted perimeter, roughness coefficient and hydraulic gradient taken into account, is proposed. Through this method the problem of calculation for compound river channel can be avoided. The application of the proposed method to determine the ecological water demand in the Xiaochuan river section located at the upper reaches of the Yellow River shows that the result accords with the existing situation of the river. The method is better than the Tennant method.