《本草纲目》海洋中药品种及其特点研究

应用文献整理和数据分析方法,以《中华海洋本草》所收品种为基本依据,对历代本草与《本草纲目》所收载的海洋中药品种数的变化、《本草纲目》新增品种及其生境分布、性味功效分类等多个层面进行归纳整理;同时对《本草纲目》中海洋中药分类,五味、四性及功效分布特点进行深入分析研究。《本草纲目》收载的海洋中药为190种,与明以前本草相比,新增海洋物种药12种;《本草纲目》海洋中药的药味以甘味(29.47%)和咸味(16.84%)为主;其药性以平性居多(30.53%),其次为寒性(23.16%)和温性(10.00%);其功效以补益类(22.11%)和清热类(20.53%)为多,其次为化痰止咳平喘(8.95%)和利水渗湿药(6.32%)。

Analysis of varieties and characteristics of marine Chinese medicines recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica

In this paper, the methods of literature study and data analysis were used to search and collect the information of the varieties of marine traditional Chinese medicine (MTCM) recorded in Compendium of Materia Medica (CMM), in order to analyze the changes of the varieties made by the comparison of CMM and the other ancient herbal works, as well as the added varieties and their habitat distribution, property and flavor, efficacy based on the species collected in Chinese Marine Materia Medica. At the same time, the classification, five-taste, four-nature, and efficacy of MTCM recorded in CMM were deeply analyzed. The results showed that 190 species of MTCM were recorded in CMM, 12 species of which were added compared with the classic works before Ming Dynasty. The main flavors of MTCM recorded in CMM were sweet taste (29.47%) and salty taste (16.84%), the main property of them was mild (30.53%), followed by cold nature (23.16%) and warm nature (10.00%). For the efficacy, the most of them were tonic (22.11%) and clearing heat (20.53%), followed by dissolving phlegm, relieving cough and relieving asthma (8.95%), and promoting diuresis and expelling pathogenic dampness (6.32%). The varieties and characteristics of the marine traditional Chinese medicines recorded in CMM were systematically sorted out and analyzed for the first time in this paper.