一种羊椎体骨缺损动物模型的改良及应用效果观察

目的 建立一种改良羊椎体骨缺损实验动物模型，以便于对目标骨填充材料的骨诱导及骨生长性能进行长时程对照观察研究。方法 选取山羊18只，体质量（21.56 ±2. 56）kg，动物麻醉后经腹膜后入路显露腰椎L1-L6，于椎体侧方制备6 mm×10 mm圆柱形骨缺损。实验共分为三组：实验组、对照组及假手术组。按照随机数字表法分 别填充自体富血小板血浆复合磷酸钙骨水泥或磷酸钙骨水泥各2个椎体，另外2个椎体不填充。于术后1、3、6个 月随机处死6只，进行影像学及组织学观察。结果 手术时间为64 ~ 92（75 ± 6. 95）min，术中失血量为50 ~ 110 （81.94 ±15.64）mL。共108个腰椎标本可供分析。三组骨缺损体积比无统计学意义（P >0.05）。两个骨水泥组 从3个月开始均有不同程度骨水泥吸收及骨长入，但实验组骨诱导生长更明显。结论 采用腹膜后入路制备羊腰椎骨缺损动物模型，实验技术简单易于掌握，手术并发症少，利于动物长期存活及进行填充材料长时程观察。同时腰椎全长制备，利于多种材料或者多种观察指标观察研究。本实验中自体富血小板血浆复合磷酸钙骨水泥后成骨作用好于单纯磷酸钙骨水泥组及未填充组。

The Effect of an Improved Sheep Vertebral Bone Defect Model for Bioactive Vertebral Augmentation Materials

Objective To improve a sheep vertebral bone defect model for bioactive vertebral augmentation substitutes study. Method Eighteen goats with the mass is (21. 56 ±2. 56 ) kg were selected. L1-L6 were provided by retroperitoneal approach under intravenous anesthesia. A bone void with a size of 6 mm × 10 mm was created in each of the vertebrae by adrill, and was filled by calcium phosphate cement ( CPC ) , CPC combined with autologous platelet rich plasma ( PRP) , or nothing in each 2 vertebrae randomly. Six goats were randomly executed 1 , 3 , 6 months after surgery, then the imaging and histological observation were performed. Result The operation time was 64 - 92 (75 ± 6.95 ) min, and the blood loss was 50 -110 (81.94 ± 15. 64 ) mL. 108 vertebral body specimens were harvested .There was nostatistically significant diference in volume ratio between the three groups (P >0.05 ) . Both two bone cement groups began to have different levels of bone cement absorption and bone growth from 3 months after surgery, but the intervention group was more obvious than control group. Conclusion It is simple and easy to establish the lumbar vertebrae bone defect by retroperitoneal approach, with few operative complications. Besides, long-term survival of animals and observation of filling materials can be achieved. In this study, the bone formation effect CPC is fine, and can be expanded when combined with PRP.