松针提取物的GC-MS分析及其复配剂对榆紫叶甲的毒杀效果

采用索氏提取法以正己烷为溶剂从樟子松和黑皮油松新鲜针叶中提取松针提取物，对提取物进行了气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析，并分别研究了这2种松针提取物与松木屑木醋液的复配剂对榆紫叶甲的杀虫活性。研究结果表明：樟子松鲜针叶正己烷提取物中共鉴定出16种成分，总GC含量为65.92%，GC含量最高的化合物是2，2，4，4，6，8，8-七甲基壬烷（23.72%），其次是苯乙酸-3-己烯酯（8.56%）。黑皮油松鲜针叶正己烷提取物中共鉴定出41种成分，总GC含量为98.06%，GC含量最高的化合物是石竹烯（23.29%），其次是4-epi-荜澄茄油烯醇（11.24%）。这2种松针提取物复配木醋液（体积比1∶9）的5倍蒸馏水稀释液，对榆紫叶甲成虫的毒杀效果差，樟子松鲜针叶提取物复配木醋液（体积比1∶9）的5倍蒸馏水稀释液对榆紫叶甲成虫的毒杀效果优于木醋液的5倍蒸馏水稀释液。实验1~4天，松木屑木醋液的5倍蒸馏水稀释液对榆紫叶甲幼虫的毒杀效果要好于黑皮油松鲜针叶提取物复配木醋液（体积比为1∶9）的5倍蒸馏水稀释液，第5天则相反。

GC-MS Analysis of Pine Needles Extracts and Toxic Effect of Their Complex Agent on Ambrostoma quadriimopressum Motschulsky

Fresh needle leaves extracts of Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv.and Pinus tabuliformis Carr. var. mukdensis Uyeki were respectively obtained by Soxhlet extraction method with hexane as solvent and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS). The insecticidal activities of the extracts of the two needle leaves mixed pine sawdust wood vinegar on Ambrostoma quadriimopressum imago and larvae were studied separately.The results showed that 16 components were identificated from the extracts of Pinus sylvestris L. var. mongolica Litv. and the highest GC content compound was 2,2,4,4,6,8,8-heptamethyl-nonane(23.72%),followed by phenyl-acetic acid-3-hexenyl ester(8.56%).41 components were identificated from extracts of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. var. mukdensis Uyeki, and the highest GC content compound was caryophyllene(23.29%), followed by 4-epi-cubedol(11.24%). The insecticidal effects of five times diluted mixture of extracts of the two needle leaves and wood vinegar(volume ratio 1:9) on Ambrostoma quadriimopressum imago were poor, and the insecticidal effect of five times diluted mixture of extracts of needle leaves of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. var. mukdensis Uyeki and wood vinegar(volume ratio 1:9) on Ambrostoma quadriimopressum imago was better than that of wood vinegar. In the first four days, the insecticidal effect of five times diluted wood vinegar on Ambrostoma quadriimopressum larvae was better than the five times diluted mixture of extracts of Pinus tabuliformis Carr. var. mukdensis Uyeki fresh needle leaves and wood vinegar(volume ratio 1:9),the results were opposite on the fifth day.