不同品种梨果实酚类物质和抗氧化性能分析

以我国北方11 个主栽梨品种黄冠、绿宝石、雪梨、鸭梨、丰水、南水、圆黄、黄金、华山、五九香和早酥的果实为试材，分别测定了果皮、果心和果肉中可溶性酚的含量，并对酚类物质进行了高效液相色谱（highperformance liquid chromatography，HPLC）分析。通过分别测定果皮、果肉、果心的乙醇提取液对DPPH自由基和羟自由基的清除能力，对其所含酚类物质的抗氧化性能进行了评价。结果表明：1）梨果心酚类物质含量高于果皮，果肉最低；2）在果心和果皮中均检测出熊果苷、没食子酸、儿茶素、绿原酸、咖啡酸、表儿茶素、香豆酸和芦丁8 种酚类物质，而在果肉中检测出熊果苷、没食子酸、绿原酸、表儿茶素和芦丁5 种物质；3）熊果苷、绿原酸和表儿茶素都为果肉和果皮的主要酚类物质，果肉中绿原酸的含量高于熊果苷，果皮则反之，果心所含酚类物质以绿原酸和熊果苷为主，且绿原酸的含量高于熊果苷；4）果皮、果肉、果心不同部位的酚类物质的含量与1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼（1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl，DPPH）自由基清除能力和羟自由基清除能力间均分别呈显著正相关关系，表明酚类物质与自由基清除能力的关系密切。

Analysis of Phenolic Compounds and Their Antioxidant Activity in Fruits from Different Pear Cultivars

The contents and composition of soluble phenolic compounds in pear peel, core and flesh from 11 major cultivars
in northern China were determined and analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Meanwhile, the
antioxidant activities of their ethanol extracts were evaluated by DPPH and hydroxyl scavenging radical assays. Results
indicated that: 1) the highest contents of soluble phenolic compounds were found in the core, followed by the peel and flesh; 2)
8 kinds of phenolic compounds, i.e., arbutin, gallic acid, catechinic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, epicatechin, cumaric
acid and rutin were detected in both the core and peel, while 5 kinds of phenolic compounds, i.e., arbutin, gallic acid,
chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid and epicatechin were detected in the flesh; 3) chlorogenic acid, arbutin and epicatechin were
the major phenolic compounds in the peel and flesh with higher content of chlorogenic acid than arbutin in the flesh and the
opposite result for the peel. At the same time, the main phenolic constituents of the core were chlorogenic acid and arbutin
with higher level of the former when compared with the latter; 4) for each of the three fruit tissues, significant positive
correlations between phenolic compound contents and DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were observed,
suggesting the close association of phenolic compounds with free radical scavenging activity.