“需要国家干预说”的法哲学分析

“需要国家干预说”是 20世纪中国经济法学最重要的学说之一。有限理性假设、国家适度干预、经济民主、社会公平、经济法治是其基本的法哲学叙事立场。国家是干预需要的满足者,“需要”是通过干预重建经济自由秩序的法律理由。国家超越市场利益关系对经济进行干预调节,国家干预由此构成经济法的基本哲学范畴与法理标志。经济宪政哲学是国家干预经济的法哲学进路,通过经济民主机制设定的干预才能避免经济专制,国家与社会成员共同分享经济权力才能保障干预的社会性与民主性,干预的达成并非一定为了公共,公共中的个体主义是结成公共的价值指引。

An Analysis of Needed State Intervention Doctrine in Legal Philosophy

Needed state intervention doctrine” is one of the most important doctrines accepted by China’s economic law in the 20th century. Supposition of limited reason, proper state governmental intervention, economic democracy, social equity and economic ruling by law are deemed to be basic principles in legal philosophy. It is a state government that meets the need of intervention and “need” is an argument to reconstruct the order of economic freedom through intervention. A state interferes and regulates its economy beyond the market interest relationship, which falls within the scope of basic philosophy and jurisprudence of economic law. Philosophy of economic constitutionalism serves as legal philosophy that justifies the state’s interference with its economy. Only intervention by an economic democratic mechanism can avoid economic autocracy, and a share of economic power by a state government with its social members can safeguard the social and democratic nature of intervention. An agreement on intervention may not necessarily serve public purposes, and individualism within the public sphere is the guidance of value to form the public will.