人巨细胞病毒与肿瘤研究进展

人巨细胞病毒（HCMV）是目前已知最大的β疱疹病毒。HCMV感染具有持续性和潜在性,感染率在全世界范围内都很高,并随着年龄的增长而升高,女性感染率高于男性,其主要的传播途径有垂直传播和性传播等。近年来的研究显示在人类胶质瘤、结直肠癌、乳腺癌和前列腺癌及小细胞型肝癌等多种类型的肿瘤组织中都存在HCMV感染和病毒基因表达,并与肿瘤的恶性程度有相关性,这提示HCMV可能在人类某些类型肿瘤的形成和发展过程中扮演重要角色,有可能成为一种新的人类肿瘤相关病毒。HCMV基因产物可通过多种细胞信号通路抑制细胞凋亡、促进细胞增殖、侵袭、转移和血管生成,并形成独特的免疫逃避机制对抗机体免疫反应。深入研究HCMV与肿瘤的病因学关系及其作用机制,可为肿瘤的临床防治提供新思路。

Research Progress in Human Cytomegalovirus and Tumors

Human cytomegalovirus（HCMV） is considered as the biggest beta-herpesvirus at present.It causes persistent and latent infect,contributing to the high HCMV seroprevalence worldwide.The main routs of HCMV transmission are vertical transmission and sexual contacts.The prevalence increases with age,and female prevalence significantly higher than male prevalence.Recently some studies showed that there existed HCMV infection and its genes expression in multiple types of human tumors,and which was associated with malignant degree of tumors.The above results suggested that HCMV may play an important role in the formation and progression of certain types of human tumors,and HCMV may become a novel human tumor-associated virus.Moreover,some research results indicated that by many cell signaling pathways,HCMV could inhibit cell apoptosis,promote cell proliferation,invasion,metastasis and angiogenesis,as well as form special immune escape mechanism to resist immune reaction of bodies.To investigate further the etiology relation between HCMV and tumors,and its related mechanism,may provide a new route for clinical prevention and cure of tumors.