风力机近尾迹区域气动噪声分布和传播规律的实验研究

以S系列新翼型水平轴风力机为研究对象，利用声阵列法对S系列翼型风力机的近尾迹区域声场噪声分布和传播规律进行了实验研究。利用丹麦B&K公司的振动噪声采集分析系统在风洞开口试验段，在保证额定来流风速10m/s不变，对不同尖速比下的S系列翼型水平轴风力机风轮下游进行噪声测试，并且对最大声压级进行了分析。结果表明：风轮在旋转过程中，风力机风轮下游同一截面不同尖速比下噪声最大声压级的分布规律是在测试截面上由圆心沿半径增大的方向依次经过三个压力脉动变化强烈的区域，它们是测试圆心区域、中心涡区域、叶尖涡区域，测点在上述三个区域都会出现声压级的峰值，并且在叶尖涡区域声压级的峰值达到最大；在同一尖速比不同截面下风轮近尾迹区域噪声传播变化规律是沿着x轴正方向远离风轮旋转平面的测试截面上中心涡区域和叶尖涡区域半径增大，不断向外迁移。

Experimental Study on the Noise Distribution and Dissemination Law in Sound Field of the Wind Turbine Near Wake

The noise distribution and dissemination law were studied in sound field of the S series new airfoil horizontal axis wind turbine near wake by acoustic array. Using the vibration and noise testing software (B&K) of Denmark in wind tunnel opening section, the blade downstream noise of the S Series airfoil horizontal axis wind turbine were tested ensuring wind speed at the rate of 10 m/s and different tip speed ratios. The maximum sound power level (SPL) was obtained by analyzing spectra under different tip speed ratio of the same section of wind turbine downstream. The results showed that the noise distribution law of maximum sound pressure level emerged in turn three strong pressure fluctuation change regions from center to radius direction, which are the test center, the center vortex and the tip vortex. The sound pressure level in these three regions emerged as sharp peak. At different cross section of the same tip speed ratio, the noise dissemination variation of wind turbine near wake is that the region radius of center vortex and tip vortex increase and constant migrate along the x axis positive direction away from the test section of the wind turbine.