指动脉中段背侧支岛状皮瓣的设计与应用

目的 探索一种修复第2～5指远节皮肤缺损的方法。方法 以指固有动脉中段背侧支为蒂,设计手指中节指背岛状皮瓣。如需重建指腹感觉,在切取皮瓣时,则应于皮瓣近端保留适当长度的指固有神经背侧支（小指为指背神经）,以便与伤指指固有神经断端吻合。2005年2月至2010年5月,应用此方法修复54例手指远节皮肤缺损,共61指,其中指腹缺损35指,指端缺损26指。结果 皮肤缺损最大面积2.2 cm ×2.5 cm,皮瓣切取最大面积2.4 cm ×2.7 cm。61指皮瓣全部成活,3指术后2天皮瓣远端出现水泡,未予以处理。术后7d水泡开始萎缩吸收,术后14 d水泡消退,皮瓣成活。54例均获得随访。随访时间5个月～1年10个月,平均11个月。皮瓣质地色泽好,外形良好,指腹较饱满,恢复痛温觉,两点辨别距离6～9 mm。按感觉功能评定标准为S4。患指指间关节活动正常。结论 指动脉中段背侧支岛状皮瓣,是一种较理想的修复远节手指皮肤缺损的方法。

Application of the island flap at the dorsum of the middle phalange with the pedicel of the digital proper artery

Objective To explore a method for the treatment of the skin defects at the distal phalanges of 2-5th fingers. Methods The island flap at the dorsum of the middle phalange was designed with the pedicle of dorsal branches from the digital proper artery. When the flap was used to repair defect at finger pulp, the dorsal branch of the digital proper nerve in the flap was kept to be anastomosed to the digital proper nerve at the recipient finger. From Feb. 2005 to May. 2010, 54 cases with skin defects at the distal phalanges of 61 fingers were treated with the flap, including 35 defects at finger pulp and 26 defects at finger tip. Results The maximum size of defects and flaps was 2. 2 cm× 2. 5 cm and 2.4 cm ×2. 7 cm, respectively. 61 flaps survived completely. Blister was happened in 3 flaps 2 days after operation,which healed spontaneously without necrosis. 54 cases were followed up for 5 to 22 months ( average, 11 months). The flaps had good texture and color match with normal sensation (grade S4). The 2-point discrimination distance was 6-9 mm. The interphalangeal joint had normal movement. Conclusions The island flap at the dorsum of the middle phalange is an ideal method for the skin defect at the distal phalange of finger.