氨基葡萄糖癸酸盐的合成与性能研究

氨基葡萄糖盐酸盐与三乙胺在乙醇-水相条件下生成氨基葡萄糖（GA）,GA再与癸酸反应,合成了一种氨基葡萄糖为反离子的脂肪羧酸盐表面活性剂——氨基葡萄糖癸酸盐（GAD）。采用红外光谱和N元素含量分析对GAD进行了结构表征,并测试了其表面性能。结果表明：25℃下,GAD的临界胶束浓度（CMC）为8.51×10-4mol/L,临界胶束浓度所对应的表面张力（γCMC）为30.1 mN/m,饱和吸附量（Γmax）为4.33×10-10mol/cm2,饱和吸附分子面积（Amin）为0.38 nm2;GAD具有一定的泡沫性能,并对液体石蜡具有较好的乳化能力;与Tween 80、十二烷基二甲基甜菜碱（BS-12）和十六烷基三甲基氯化铵（1631）等助剂配伍良好,无分层现象。

Studies on Synthesis and Properties of Glucosamine Decanoate

Glucosamine decanoate（GAD）,one kind of aliphatic carboxylate surfactant,was synthesized by decanoic acid reacted with glucosamine（GA） which was prepared by glucosamine hydrochloride（GAH） and triethylamine in ethanol-water condition.The structure of GAD was characterized by infrared spectroscopy（IR） and nitrogen elementary analysis.The surface activities of GAD were measured at 25 ℃,which showed that its critical micelle concentration（CMC） was 8.51×10-4 mol/L,its surface tension（γ CMC） corresponding to CMC was 30.1 mN/m,its saturated adsorption（Γmax） was 4.33×10-10 mol/cm2,and its saturation adsorption molecular area（Amin） was 0.38 nm2;GAD possessed certain foamability,good emulsifying ability for liquid paraffin,and good compatibility with Tween 80,dodecyl dimethyl betaine（BS-12）,hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride（1631） and other agents with no demixing phenomenon.