1980～2015年长江流域土地利用变化分析

基于长江流域1980，1990，1995，2000，2005，2010，2015年7期土地利用数据，通过土地利用转移矩阵以及多种指标，分析了1980~2015年间长江流域土地利用的时空变化过程。研究表明：近35 a来耕地和草地呈下降趋势，而林地、水域和城乡用地面积明显增加，未利用地总体呈下降趋势；随着时间的推移，各地类的变化形式由以交换变化量为主导转变为以净变化量为主导，说明各地类逐渐倾向于在原有空间位置发生面积变化，而不是在流域内发生空间位置转移；长江流域土地利用综合动态度从大到小排列依次是1990~1995年、1980~1990年、2005~2010年、1995~2000年、2000~2005年、2010~2015年。1980~1990年和1990~1995年这两个时期的综合土地利用综合动态度明显大于其他各时期，即这两个时期长江流域土地利用变化程度最为剧烈。

Land use changes in Yangtze River Basin from 1980 to 2015

Based on the land use data of the Yangtze River Basin in 1980, 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010 and 2015, this paper analyzed the spatial and temporal changes of land use in the Yangtze River Basin during the 35 years from 1980 to 2015 through the land use transfer matrix and various indicators. The following conclusions were drawn， in recent 35 years, cultivated land and grassland presented decline trend, while the forest land, water area and urban area increased significantly. The unused land showed a downward trend overall; with the passage of time, the main component of the changes of different land use types gradually transformed from the exchange changes to the net changes, indicating that the land use types tended to change in area in the original location, rather than shifted in the entire basin; the comprehensive land use dynamic degree in the Yangtze River Basin from high to low was 1990-1995, 1980-1990, 2005-2010, 1995-2000, 2000-2005, 2010-2015. The comprehensive land use dynamic degree in 1980-1990 and 1990-1995 were significantly greater than that in other periods, that was, the land use change in the Yangtze River Basin was the most active during these two periods.