扩张颞顶筋膜瓣覆盖多孔高密度聚乙烯支架全耳廓再造术

目的 探讨采用预制颞顶筋膜瓣置入于残耳乳突区皮下进行扩张,观察以扩张的筋膜瓣覆盖多孔高密度聚乙烯(porous high density polyethylene,Medpor)支架做全耳廓再造术的方法 和效果.方法 30例先天性小耳畸形,手术分两期:Ⅰ期,设计带有颞浅动静脉顶支为血管蒂的预制岛状颞浅筋膜瓣,植入残耳侧乳突区皮下腔穴,然后置入皮肤扩张器进行同期同步扩张;Ⅱ期,将扩张的耳后筋膜皮瓣连带颞浅筋膜瓣掀起,覆盖于Medpor支架上,耳后创面中厚植皮,进行全耳廓再造术.结果 经6个月至3年的随访观察,再造耳廓外形逼真,皮色红润,与周围皮肤颜色无异,其大小、形状、位置与面部协调,与健耳对称,微细结构显示清晰.结论 选用Medpor支架,只要熟悉此材料的生物特性,选择合适的手术操作步骤要点,然后采用预制扩张的耳后筋膜皮瓣连带颞浅筋膜瓣覆盖支架,可将手术并发症减少到最低限度,具有创伤小、操作简单、疗程短、术后效果满意、可避免耳廓外形臃肿或支架外露等优点.耳后筋膜皮瓣与颞浅筋膜瓣两者结合,是目前较为理想的全耳廓再造的一种方法 .

Auricle reconstruction with prefabricated expanded fascial flap covered on Medpor support

Objective To study the methodology and effect of auricle reconstruction with prefabricated expanded fascial flap in temporal and parietal area and skin flap in mastoid area, covered on the Medpor support. Methods Thirty cases of congenital vestigial auricle were involved in this study. The operations were divided into two stages: in the stage I,the temporal and parietal superficial fascia flap was cut with a vascular pedicle in the parietal and temporal superficial area, which was implanted under the skin of mastoid, and then both layers of those were expanded at the same time; in the stage II, this fascial skin flap was cut down and covered on the whole Medpor support to rebuild the man-made auricle. Results Thirty cases were successful after following-up for 6 months to 3 years. Their auricle shapes were vivid; their skin color was normal, and it had no any difference from all around skins, or no any appearance of the support. Conclusions With best understanding the biological characteristics of the Medpor support and choosing the suitable procedures and using the prefabricated expanded support, we could minimize the surgical complications in this operation. The results show that this procedure is satisfactory, without any necrosis of flap, swelling of contour, or appearance of the support. The combination of two flaps is the best method for the auricle reconstruction.