广西874名放射工作人员肝功能指标分析

目的]探讨电离辐射及其他因素对放射工作人员肝功能水平的影响。方法]以参加广西2010-2011年度体检的874名放射工作人员为接触组，选择同期参加体检的300名非放射工作的健康人群为对照组，对两组人群进行肝功能指标的检测，并采用单因素和多因素分析方法分析数据。结果]接触组丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、天冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）、胆碱酯酶（CHE）、总蛋白（TP）、自蛋白（ALB）、总胆红素（TBIL）、直接胆红素（DBIL）的异常率与对照组比较，差别均有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。不同放射工龄组间DBIL、谷氨酰转移酶（GGT）、ALB异常率差别有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。男性放射工作人员的GGT、ALT、AST、ALP、TBIL、CHE水平均高于女性（P〈0．001）。吸烟人群的DBIL高于非吸烟人群（P〈0．01）。DBIL随年龄的增长而降低（P〈0．01），CHE随年龄的增长而增高（P〈0．01）。GGT与放射工龄呈正相关（r=0．109，P=0．001），TP与放射工龄呈负相关（r=-0．128，P=0．000）。结论]肝功能异常者在长期接触电离辐射的放射工作人员中多见，且与放射工龄密切相关；吸烟、性别和年龄与肝功能也有一定关系。

Analysis on Hepatic Function of 874 Radiation Professionals in Guangxi

Objective ] To explore the effects of ionizing radiation and other factors on hepatic function of radiation professionals. Methods ] A total of 874 radiation professionals participating in the 2010-2011 annual physical examination of Guangxi were selected as the exposure group. Another 300 healthy individuals without exposure to radiation from the same physical examination were elected as the control group. Liver function indices of the two groups were detected. Single factor analysis and multi-factor analysis were adopted to analyze the data. Results ] The differences in the abnormal rates of alanine aminotransferase （ALT）, aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alkaline phosphatase （ALP）, cholinesterase （CHE）, total protein （TP）, albumin （ALB）, total bilirubin （TBIL）, and direct bilirubin （DBIL） between the control group and the exposure group were of statistical significance （P〈 0.05）. The abnormal rates of DBIL, GGT, ALB in the radiation professionals of different service length were statistically different （P 〈 0.01）. The levels of glutamyl transferase （GGT）, ALT, AST, ALP, TBIL, and CHE for male radiation professionals were all higher than those for the female in the same group （P〈0.001）. The level of DBIL in smokers was higher than in nonsmokers （P 〈 0.01）. The DBIL level decreased with the increase of age （P 〈 0.01）; in contrast, the CHE level increased with the increase of age （P〈 0.01）. The GGT level was positively correlated with radiation service length （r=0.109, P=O.001）, and the TP level was negatively correlated with radiation service length （r=-0.128, P=0.000）. Conclusion ] Abnormal hepatic function is found in radiation professionals with high possibility, especially those with long-term radiation exposure history, and it is closely related to radiation service length. Smoking, gender, and age also have a certain effects on liver function.