模胎用高密度酚醛泡沫塑料的制备研究

以热固性甲阶酚醛树脂为基体,正戊烷为物理发泡剂,30%硫酸和冰乙酸组成混合酸为催化剂,吐温-80和甲基硅油作为匀泡剂,玻璃微珠和聚乙二醇-400为改性剂,制备出了密度200 kg/m3以上综合性能较好的高密度酚醛泡沫。研究表明,通过调节物理发泡剂与混合酸催化剂用量可以有效控制泡沫密度以及发泡凝胶时间,添加4%聚乙二醇和8%的玻璃微珠,能够改善泡沫脆性和压缩强度,通过130℃、2.5 h的后处理可以将泡沫的质量稳定。制备出的高密度酚醛泡沫塑料在180℃高温下具有高的压缩强度,尺寸变化率在1%以内,有望作为新型模胎材料使用。

Study on preparation of high density phenolic foam for mould tire

Taking the resol resin as substrate,n-pentane as physical foaming agent,30% sulfuric acid and glacical acetic acid as mixed acid catalyst,tween-80 and dimethyl silicone oil as surfactant,glass microsphere and PEG-400 as modifier,phenolic foam with a high density over 200 kg/m3 and better comprehensive performance can be prepared.The research indicated that the foam density,foaming and gel time can be controlled by changing the amount of foaming agent and mixed acid catalyst,the brittleness and compressive strength can be improved by adding 4% PEG and 8% glass microsphere,the mass of the foam can be stabilized by post processing at 130 ℃ for 2.5 h.High density phenolic foam plastic prepared with high compressive strength at 180 ℃,dimension changing ratio within 1%,promised to be used as a new kind of material for mould tire.